Keanekaragaman Benalu di Ecopark, Cibinong Science Center-Botanic Gardens - Hutabarat, Prima Wahyu Kusuma; Zulkarnaen, Rizmoon Nurul; Mulyani, Melza (Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami, 2020)
AbstrakArea konservasi ex situ, Ecopark Cibinong Science Center-Botanic Gardens (CSC-BG), membutuhkan strategi pemeliharaan tanaman koleksi yang tepat untuk mendukung kesehatan dan keberlanjutan koleksinya. Serangan benalu atau tumbuhan parasit tidak hanya dapat merusak estetika, namun juga menghambat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan, bahkan membunuh tanaman koleksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis benalu dan distribusi spasial dari sebaran benalu di Ecopark CSC-BG. Pengumpulan spesimen dan data, meliputi jenis dan jumlah benalu, jenis dan kondisi inang, habitat menggunakan metode jelajah di seluruh area ini. Ditemukan empat jenis benalu dari suku Lorantaceae, yaitu Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq., Scurrula atropurpurea (Blume) Danser, Macrosolen cochinchinensis (Lour.) Tiegh., dan Dendrophthoe sp. Benalu tersebut tersebar di bioregion Blok 1, Jawa-Bali, Kalimantan, Sumatra, dan Papua. Beberapa faktor ekofisiologi yang disarankan untuk diperhatikan dalam distribusi benalu adalah tinggi inang, ekspos cahaya pada tajuk bagian atas inang, kepadatan tanaman koleksi, keterbukaan atau ekspos cahaya matahari pada habitat. Indeks keanekaragaman (H’) dan indeks kemerataan (E’) benalu yang ditemukan menunjukkan H’ = 1,29 dan E’ = 0,93. Hasil analisis pola spasial, keberadaan benalu relatif merata di seluruh bagian Ecopark CSC-BG, dengan keragaman jenis tertinggi berada di bioregion Jawa-Bali, Sumatra, dan Kalimantan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini 4 jenis benalu yang ditemukan di Ecopark CSC-BG dengan nilai indeks keanekaragaman jenis benalu tergolong sedang dengan pola sebaran merata.AbstractThe relevant information of existing mistletoes or parasitic plants in Ecopark-Cibinong Science Center & Botanic Gardens is needed to support the plant collection maintenance strategy. The attack of mistletoes does not only inflict the aesthetic values of the collection but also inhibits the growth and possibly kills the whole plant. This research aimed to know the mistletoes species diversity and spatial distribution in the garden. The exploration method was used to collect specimens and data, included the species and number of mistletoes, the host and its condition, habitat and location. Four species of Loranthaceae attacked the plant collection in bioregion Blok 1, Jawa-Bali, Sumatra dan Kalimantan. They were Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq., Scurrula atropurpurea (Blume) Danser, Macrosolen cochinchinensis (Lour.) Tiegh. and Dendrophthoe sp.. Some of the recommended ecophysiological factors to consider in the distribution of mistletoes in Ecopark, CSC-BG were host height, light exposure to the upper canopy of the host, plant collection density, openness, or exposure to sunlight in the habitat. The diversity index (H ') and evenness index (E') of mistletoes found in Ecopark CSC-BG were 1.29 and 0.93, respectively. Based on the results of spatial pattern analysis, the presence of mistletoes was relatively evenly distributed throughout the garden, with the highest species diversity found in the Java-Bali, Sumatra, and Kalimantan Bioregions. This study concludes that there were 4 species of mistletoes found in Ecopark CSC-BG with a moderate diversity index and an even distribution pattern.