PRINSIP KESEIMBANGAN (TASWIYAH) DALAM PERJANJIAN (AKAD) WARALABA BERDASARKAN SISTEM SYARIAH - Sudaryat Sudaryat (Faculty of Law Universitas Padjadjaran, 2018)
ABSTRAKWaralaba merupakan pola kemitraan usaha sekaligus sarana untuk memperluas pemasaran barang dan/atau jasa juga sarana pemberdayaan UMKM. Perkembangan waralaba tidak hanya yang bersifat konvensional namun berkembang pula waralaba berdasarkan system syariah (waralaba syariah). Perjanjian waralaba pun terbagi dalam dua katagori yaitu perjanjian waralaba konvensional dan perjanjian waralaba syariah. Perjanjian (akad) waralaba bersifat standard, namun bagaimana penerapan prinsip keseimbangan (taswiyah) berdasarkan Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah pada akad waralaba syariah. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa prinsip keseimbangan (taswiyah) dalam Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah diterapkan dalam Perjanjian (akad) waralaba berdasarkan sistem syariah dengan pembuktian bahwa pada akad waralaba syariah mengutamakan taawun (tolong menolong), menghilangkan franchisee fee dan royalty fee, adanya kedudukan yang setara antara pemberi waralaba dan penerima waralaba, adanya keseimbangan hak dan kewajiban baik dari sisi kuantitas maupun kualitas, serta pembagian keuntungan dan risiko (profit and risk sharing) antara pemberi waralaba dengan penerima waralaba sehingga menjadi sarana sesungguhnya dalam pemberdayaan UMKM. Guna lebih memastikan diterapkannya prinsip keseimbangan (taswiyah) maka sebaiknya dalam perancangan akad waralaba syariah memperhatikan masukan dari penerima waralaba (UMKM), dipublikasi melalui media sebelum diberlakukan, mengingat stigma masyarakat UMKM bahwa perjanjian waralaba bersifat standar dan lebih dominannya kepentingan pemberi waralaba dibandingkan penerima waralaba.Kata kunci: akad; keseimbangan; risiko; syariah; waralaba. ABSTRACTFranchise is a pattern of business partnership as well as means to add goods and/or facilities for the empowerment of UMKM. The growth of franchise is not only conventional but also developing a franchise system based on sharia (sharia franchise). Meet the franchise was divided into two categories namely conventional franchise agreement and sharia franchise agreement. Agreement (akad) franchise is standard, but how to do the principle of balance (taswiyah) based on Compilation of Economic Law on sharia franchise contract. The results show that the principle of equilibrium (taswiyah) in the Compilation of Islamic Economic Law is given in the agreement (akad) based on the syariah system by proving in the shariah franchise contract prioritizing taawun (please help), eliminating the franchise’s fee and royalty fee, including the position given between the franchisor and recipients of franchises, guarantees and responsibilities both in terms of quantity and quality, as well as profit and risk sharing (profit sharing and risk) between franchisor and franchisor become an important tool in the empowerment of MSMEs. To further emphasize the application of the principle of balance (taswiyah), in the sharia franchise agreement, consider the input of the franchise recipients (UMKM), published through the media before it is enacted, given the stigma of UMKM community that the franchise agreement is the standard and franchisor is more dominant than franchisee.Keywords: akad; balance; risk; franchise; sharia.