PENGARUH SUHU DAN KONSENTRASI ASAM FOSFAT (H3PO4) TERHADAP KUALITAS ARANG AKTIF CABANG BAMBU DURI (Bambusa blumeana BI. Ex. Schult. F.) (Effect of Temperature and Concentration of Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4) on the Quality of Activated Charcoal of Bambusa blumeana Branch) - Turmiya Fathal Adawi; Irwan Mahakam Lesmono Aji; Dwi Sukma Rini (Balai Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Bukan Kayu, 2021)
AbstractBambusa blumeana BI. Ex. Schult. F. is a non-timber forest product used as building material by the people of Lombok. The utilization of bamboos leaves their branches as a waste that has not fully utilized. One way to take advantage of this waste is to use it as a raw material to make activated charcoal. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations activation temperature, the concentration of phosphoric acid (H3PO4), as well as interactions between variations of the activation temperature and the concentration of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) on the quality of activated charcoal of B. blumeana branch. This study employed a factorial completely randomized design (RAL) with two (2) factors. The first factor (A) was activation temperature i.e. 600oC (A1), 700oC (A2), and 800oC (A3), meanwhile the second factor (B) used the concentration of phosphoric acid (H3PO4), namely 10% (B1) and 20% (B2). The results showed variations in the activation temperature significantly affected the yield and iodine adsorption. Based on the results, the best treatment was obtained at a temperature of 700oC with an H3PO4 concentration of 10% (A2B1) with the yield value of 76.04%, moisture content of 2.12%, volatile matter content of 32.70%, ash content of 8.15%, fixed carbon content of 59.15%, and sodium adsorption of 599.63 mg/g.AbstrakBambu duri (Bambusa blumeana BI. Ex. Schult. F.) merupakan hasil hutan bukan kayu yang dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan bangunan oleh masyarakat Lombok. Pemanfaatan bambu tersebut meninggalkan limbah cabang yang belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Salah satu pemanfaatannya adalah menjadi arang aktif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi suhu aktivasi, konsentrasi asam fosfat (H3PO4), serta interaksi antara variasi suhu aktivasi dan konsentrasi asam fosfat (H3PO4) terhadap karakteristik arang aktif cabang bambu duri (B. blumeana). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan 2 faktor, faktor pertama (A) menggunakan suhu aktivasi yaitu 600oC (A1), 700oC (A2), dan 800oC (A3), sedangkan faktor kedua (B) menggunakan konsentrasi asam fosfat (H3PO4) yaitu 10% (B1) dan 20% (B2). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variasi suhu aktivasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai rendemen dan daya serap iod. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, perlakuan terbaik diperoleh pada suhu 700oC dengan konsentrasi H3PO4 10% (A2B1) yang menghasilkan nilai rendemen sebesar 76,04%; kadar air 2,12%; kadar zat terbang 32,70%; kadar abu 8,15%; kadar karbon terikat 59,15%; dan daya serap iod 599,63 mg/g.