PERANCANGAN SISTEM MONITORING TEGANGAN, ARUS DAN FREKUENSI PADA PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKROHIDRO BERBASIS IOT - Muhammad Zaini; Safrudin Safrudin; Moh. Bachrudin (Universitas Tarumanagara, 2020)
The development renewable energy uses is increasing, including micro-hydro power plants. A micro hydro power plant technically works by utilizing the height of the water fall, water discharge and water pressure. This energy is converted into mechanical energy by rotating the turbine shaft, after which the mechanical energy on the turbine shaft is transferred to the transmission and then connected to a generator to be converted into electrical energy. Due to the power losses created and the time factor, a micro hydro power plant needs regular checking or monitoring. However, conventional micro hydro power plants are still checked manually. So from the above problems, research was carried out in the form of designing a monitoring system for voltage, current and frequency in micro-hydro power plants based on the Internet of Things (IoT). From the monitoring of voltage, current and frequency, it is hoped that the actions will be taken and when the maintenance will be carried out. This design is done by designing software and hardware. Hardware includes the ESP32 microcontroller board which is used to read and process voltage, current and frequency sensor data from the PZEM-004T v3 sensor module and remotely control solid state relay (SSR relay). Then, software design such as the Internet of Things (IoT) is carried out using the Ubidots platform and connected to the internet via a Wi-Fi connection for monitoring and notification via Telegram messages. In the monitoring system testing, notification and control of SSR relays were obtained from the results of sending data to Ubidots and the success of sending SSR relay notifications and controls. Data transmission, notification and SSR relay control has a 100% success.ABSTRAK:Perkembangan pemanfaatan energi baru dan terbarukan semakin meningkat, diantaranya pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro. Pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro secara teknik bekerja dengan memanfaatkan ketinggian jatuh air, debit air dan tekanan air. Dari energi tersebut diubah menjadi energi mekanik dengan memutar poros turbin, setelahnya energi mekanik pada poros turbin ditransfer menuju transmisi kemudian disambungkan dengan generator untuk kemudian diubah menjadi energi listrik. Karena adanya rugi-rugi daya yang tercipta dan faktor waktu, pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro dibutuhkan pengecekan atau monitoring secara berkala. Namun pada pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro konvensional masih dilakukan pengecekan secara manual. Maka dari permasalahan diatas dilakukanlah penelitian berupa perancangan sistem monitoring tegangan, arus dan frekuensi pada pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro berbasis Internet of Things (IoT). Dari pemantauan tegangan, arus dan frekuensi tadi diharapkan mampu dianalisis tindakan apa yang akan dilakukan dan kapan akan dilakukan perawatan.Perancangan ini dilakukan dengan merancang perangkat lunak dan perangkat keras. Perangkat keras di antaranya board mikrokontroler ESP32 yang digunakan untuk membaca dan mengolah data sensor tegangan, arus dan frekuensi dari modul sensor PZEM-004T v3 dan mengontrol solid state relay (SSR relay) secara jarak jauh. Kemudian dilakukan perancangan perangkat lunak seperti Internet of Things (IoT) dengan menggunakan platform Ubidots dan dihubungakan ke internet melalui koneksi Wi-Fi guna monitoring dan notifikasi melalui pesan Telegram.Pada pengujian sistem monitoring, notifikasi dan kontrol SSR relay didapatkan dari hasil pengiriman data ke Ubidots dan keberhasilan pengiriman notifikasi dan kontrol SSR relay. Pengiriman data, notifikasi dan kontrol SSR relay memiliki keberhasilan sebesar 100%.