Dekriminalisasi Penggunaan Ganja: Pendekatan Komparatif California’s Adult Use of Marijuana Act - Josua Satria Collins; Maria Isabel Tarigan (PADJADJARAN LAW RESEARCH AND DEBATE SOCIETY, 2019)
Abstrak Beberapa tahun terakhir, pengaturan ganja mengalami pergeseran secara global. Ganja semakin populer untuk disahkan, baik secara dekriminalisasi ataupun legalisasi. Namun, di Indonesia ganja dianggap memiliki efek buruk yang pada akhirnya menyebabkan kriminalisasi ganja. Adapun salah satu negara yang melegalkan ganja adalah California, yakni dengan disahkannya The California’s Control, Regulate, and Tax Adult Use of Marijuana Act (AUMA 2016). Dalam tulisan ini, akan ditelisik lebih jauh materi muatan AUMA 2016 dalam melegalisasi ganja di California dan relevansi muatan-muatannya dengan kondisi Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif menggunakan data sekunder berupa bahan kepustakaan dan sumber hukum tertulis. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa aturan AUMA 2016 melegalkan ganja rekreasi. Aturan ini menyasar kepada dekriminalisasi pengguna ganja, optimalisasi potensi ekonomi dari ganja, dan menghapuskan stigma atas penggunaan ganja. Pertimbangan-pertimbangan tersebut relevan dengan kondisi Indonesia. Dari segi hukum, pengadilan di Indonesia banyak mengalami penumpukan perkara narkotika yang didominasi oleh ganja. Peredaran ganja di pasar gelap pun marak terjadi dan merugikan perekonomian Indonesia. Terdapat pula persamaan mispersepsi akan ganja di Indonesia dan California. Akhirnya, dengan menilai relevansi pertimbangan dekriminalisasi ganja di California dengan kondisi Indonesia, diharapkan para pemangku kebijakan dapat mengambil langkah strategis untuk dekriminalisasi dan menyusun regulasi terkait konsumsi dan produksi ganja. Kata Kunci: AUMA, California, Dekriminalisasi, Ganja, Relevansi. Decriminalization of Marijuana Use: A Comparative Approach to California's Adult Use of Marijuana Act Abstract In recent years, marijuana regulation has undergone a global shift. Cannabis is increasingly popular to be ratified, either by decriminalization or legalization. However, in Indonesia marijuana is considered to have a bad effect which ultimately causes the criminalization of marijuana. One of the countries that legalized marijuana is California, with the approval of The California's Control, Regulate, and the Tax Adult Use of Marijuana Act (AUMA 2016). In this paper, the AUMA 2016 content material will be examined further in legalizing marijuana in California and the relevance of its contents to the condition of Indonesia. This research is a normative study using secondary data in the form of literature and written legal sources. The results of the study found that AUMA 2016 rules legalize recreational marijuana. This rule targets decriminalization of cannabis users, optimizes the economic potential of marijuana, and eliminates the stigma of using marijuana. These considerations are relevant to the condition of Indonesia. In terms of law, many courts in Indonesia experience a buildup of narcotics cases dominated by marijuana. Circulation of marijuana on the black market is rampant and is detrimental to the Indonesian economy. There are also misperceptions about marijuana in Indonesia and California. Finally, by assessing the relevance of the consideration of decriminalization of cannabis in California to the condition of Indonesia, it is hoped that stakeholders can take strategic steps to decriminalize and develop regulations related to the consumption and production of marijuana. Keywords: AUMA, California, Decriminalization, Marijuana, Relevance