Penetapan Kadar Fenolik Total Ekstrak Kulit Buah Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora L.) Di Pulau Lombok - Febriyanto, Febriyanto; Hanifa, Nisa Isneni; Muliasari, Handa (UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MATARAM, 2021)
ABSTRAKProduksi kopi robusta (Coffea canephora L.) menghasilkan limbah berupa kulit buah kopi dengan proporsi sebesar 40-45%. Kulit buah kopi dilaporkan mengandung senyawa fenolik yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan. Kadar senyawa fenolik dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan. pulau Lombok memiliki perkebunan kopi yang tersebar hampir diseluruh penjuru pulau. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan kadar fenolik total kulit buah kopi robusta yang dikoleksi dari tiga lokasi berbeda di pulau Lombok. Sampel kulit buah kopi diekstraksi menggunakan metode sonikasi dengan pelarut etanol 70% selama 30 menit pada suhu ruang. Penentuan kadar fenolik total menggunakan metode Folin-Ciocalteu dengan standar asam galat. Kadar fenolik total dinyatakan dalam mg equivalent asam galat (GAE) per gram simplisia. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ekstrak kulit buah kopi dari lokasi desa Lamper memiliki kadar fenolik total sebesar 56.2524 ± 0.6580 mg GAE/g, kadar fenolik total ekstrak kulit buah kopi dari desa Keru sebesar 26.6262 ± 0.8921 mg GAE/g, dan kadar fenolik total kulit buah kopi dari desa Sajang sebesar 46.7573 ± 0.5280 mg GAE/g. Ekstrak dari ketiga lokasi berpotensi sebagai antioksidan dilihat dari kadar fenolik total yang berbeda. Berdasarkan hasil penelititan dapat diketahui bahwa kadar fenolik total ekstrak kulit buah kopi dari lokasi lamper lebih tinggi daripada lokasi Sajang dan Keru.Kata kunci : Kulit buah kopi; Kopi robusta (Coffea canephora L.); Kadar fenolik total.ABSTRACT Production of robusta coffee (Coffea canephora L.) produces coffee pulp waste with proportion of 40-45%. Coffee pulp reported contain phenolic compounds that have antioxidants activity. Content of phenolic compounds can be influenced by environmental factors. Lombok Island has coffee plantations that scattered throughout the island. This study aims to determine the total phenolic content of robusta coffee pulp collected from three different locations on the island of Lombok. The coffee pulp samples extracted using the sonication method with 70% ethanol solvent for 30 minutes at room temperature. Determination of the total phenolic content of the extract using the Folin-Ciocalteu method with gallic acid standard. Total phenolic content is expressed in mg equivalent gallic acid (GAE) per gram of simplicia. The results of the analysis showed total phenolic content coffee pulp from Lamper village was56.2524 ± 0.6580 mg GAE/g, the total phenolic content coffee pulp from Keru village was 26.6262 ± 0.8921 mg GAE/g, and the total phenolic content coffee pulp from Sajang village was 46.7573 ± 0.5280 mg GAE/g. Extract from three different location have the potential as antioxidants. Based on the results of the study, it can be seen thatcoffee pulp extract from Lamper has highest total phenolic content than coffee pulp from Sajang and Keru.Keywords : Coffee pulp; Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora L.); Total phenolic content.