Kapasitas Ketahanan Masyarakat Dalam Menghadapi Bencana Pandemi Covid-19 Di Wilayah Perkotaan (Studi Kasus: Kampung Krasak RT 16, RW 04, Kelurahan Kotabaru, Kecamatan Gondokusuman, Kota Yogyakarta) - Ika Afianita Suherningtyas; Agus Joko Pitoyo; Afrinia Lisditya Permatasari; Erik Febiarta (Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2021)
ABSTRACTThis research was intended to determined community capacity and strategies to enhanced resilience amid the devastating Covid-19 pandemic in urban areas.Community capacity was measured using quantitative and qualitative assessment methods. The former included a questionnaire survey of every member of the Covid-19 task force at the neighborhood level (census), while the latter collected qualitative data through field surveys and in-depth interviews. Community capacity served as the dependent variable, and the independent variables were threefold: preparedness capacity, adaptive capacity, and mitigation capacity. The collected data were analyzed quantitatively through statistical calculations (validity, reliability, and linear regression tests), then the descriptive analysis of the qualitative data complemented the results. Both validity and reliability tests yielded r-count>r-table for each variable (reliability= 0.427>0.339), meaning that the data were valid and reliable. Further, the analysis produced three community capacity levels: 44% high, 29% medium, and 27% low. Based on the highest percentage, it could be inferred that the community had very good capacity, it was showed that recilience was quite high. The linear regression test revealed interdependent variables with Sig.<0.05, rejecting the null hypothesis (Ho). With a level of influence of 48%, mitigation capacity was found to had the most significant influence (R2) among the research variables. Practicing health protocols, increasing media for information dissemination, and strengthening the community’s socioeconomic state were among the recommended strategies to increased capacity. ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kapasitas masyarakat serta strategi peningkatan kapasitas ketahanan masyarakat dalam menghadapi bencana pandemi Covid-19 di wilayah perkotaan.Metode pendekatan untuk mengetahui kapasitas masyarakat dilakukan secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pendekatan kuantitiatif dengan pendekatan kuesioner. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara sensus yaitu populasi anggota satgas Covid-19 tingkat RT, dengan teknik pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner. Sedangkan data kualitatif diperoleh dengan survei lapangan dan wawancara mendalam. Variabel dependen berupa kapsitas masyarakat sedangkan variabel independen mencakup kapasitas kesiapan, kapasitas bertahan hidup (adaptasi) dan kapasitas mitigasi. Kemudian data dianalisis secara kuantitaitf melalui perhitungan statistik (uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, dan uji regresi linier) dan didukung secara kualitiatif melalui analisis deskriptif.Berdasarkan uji statistik variabel penelitian menunjukkan nilai r hitung pada setiap variabel pertanyaan kuesioner > r tabel sehingga data valid, sedangkan reliabilitas data menunjukkan r hitung > r tabel yaitu 0,427 > 0,339 sehingga data reliabel. Analisis kapasitas masyarakat menunjukkan 44% kelas tinggi, 29% kelas sedang, dan 27% kelas rendah, sehingga kapasitas masyarakat sudah sangat baik dengan ketahanan yang cukup tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan dengan pendekatan linier, variabel saling berpengaruh dengan nilai Sig. < 0,05 (Ho ditolak), sedangkan R Square pengaruh paling besar adalah variabel mitigasi dengan tingkat pengaruh 48%. Strategi peningkatan kapasitas ketahanan masyarakat dapat dilakukan dengan penerapan protokol kesehatan, peningkatan media informasi, dan penguatan sosial ekonomi masyarakat