PENGARUH KETINGGIAN TEMPAT TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS DAN KUALITAS BENIH BUNCIS (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) - Marga Mandala; Indarto Indarto; Ach Fauzan Mas'udi; Dilla Restu Jayanti (Balai Besar Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian, 2021)
The Effect of Altitude on Productivity and Quality of Bean Seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris L). The bean plant (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an annual horticultural crop with high economic value. In 2017, East Java experienced a decline in production of 3.80%. The tendency to decline was due to the quality of the seeds. This study was aimedto determine the productivity and quality of the bean seeds coded BU010 at different altitudes and to determine the relationship between height and productivity and quality. The research was conducted at three altitudes, namely Pucanganom Village (395 masl), Tlogosari Village (590 masl), and Sumberwringin Village (740 masl) in Bondowoso Regency. The study used a field experiment that was not randomized and the factors under study were altitude. Five sample points were taken in each location so that there were 15 data. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA and continued with correlation analysis with the independent variable in the form of altitude. The results showed that the difference in altitude gave a difference to productivity, namely the variable weight per m2. The height of the place gave a difference in the quality of the seeds, namely the variable weight of 100 seeds, vigor, and viability of the seeds produced. An altitude of 590 masl can be recommended for the development of the bean coded BU010 with the highest productivity which wasdescribed by the weight per m2, namely 7.91 ton ha-1. Seed quality at an altitude of 590 masl hadthe heaviest weight of 100 seeds, 96% viability, 98% seed viability. The relationship between altitude and productivity and seed quality factors was very low to moderate. The correlation value ranged from 0.12 to 0.44. Meanwhile, the relationship between altitude and total N content, rainfall, and temperature was very strong. Altitude had no significant effect on seed productivity and quality, and the weight of 100 seeds had a moderate positive correlation value of 0.4.The results of this study can be used as recommendations for farmers in the cultivation of bean coded BU010.The recommended altitude for the cultivation of beans code BU010 is 590 masl. Keywords: beans seeds, productivity, seed quality, altitude ABSTRAK Buncis (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) merupakan tanaman hortikultura dengan nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Pada 2017 di Jawa Timur terjadi penurunan produksi sebesar 3,80%. Kecenderungan penurunan disebabkan kualitas benih. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui produktivitas dan kualitas benih buncis kode BU010 pada berbagai ketinggian tempat yang berbeda serta mengetahui hubungan antara ketinggian terhadap produktivitas dan kualitas. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga ketinggian tempat, yaitu Desa Pucanganom (395 mdpl), Desa Tlogosari (590 mdpl) dan Desa Sumberwringin (740 mdpl) di Kabupaten Bondowoso. Penelitian menggunakan percobaan lapang tanpa pengacakan dan faktor yang diteliti adalah ketinggian tempat. Sebanyak lima titik sampel diambil di masing-masing lokasi, sehingga diperoleh 15 data. Data tersebut kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) dan analisis korelasi dengan variable bebas berupa ketinggian tempat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan ketinggian tempat memberikan perbedaan terhadap produktivitas yaitu pada variable bobot per m2. Ketinggian tempat memberikan perbedaan pada kualitas benih yaitu pada variabel bobot 100 benih, vigor dan viabilitas benih yang dihasilkan. Ketinggian 590 mdpl dapat direkomendasikan untuk pengembangan buncis kode BU010 dengan produktivitas tertinggi yang digambarkan oleh bobot per m2 yaitu 7,91 ton ha-1. Kualitas benih pada ketinggian 590 mdpl memiliki bobot 100 benih paling berat, vigor 96%, dan viabilitas benih 98%. Hubungan antara ketinggian tempat dengan faktor produktivitas dan kualitas benih sangat rendah hingga sedang. Nilai korelasi berkisar 0,12 - 0,44. Sementara hubungan antara variable ketinggian tempat terhadap kadar N-total, curah hujan, dan suhu adalah sangat kuat. Ketinggian tempat tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap produktivitas dan kualitas benih, hanya saja bobot 100 benih memiliki nilai korelasi positif sedang yaitu 0,4. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan rekomendasi bagi petani dalam budidaya buncis kode BU010. Rekomendasi ketinggian tempat untuk budidaya buncis kode BU010 yaitu pada ketinggian 590 mdpl. Kata kunci: benih, buncis, produktivitas, kualitas, ketinggian tempat