Metode Penyapihan Ventilasi Mekanik Di Intensive Care Unit: Studi Literatur - Sarinti Sarinti; Reni Sulung Utami; Awal Prasetyo (Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan (STIKes) Karya Husada Semarang, 2016)
Latar belakang : Pasien di ICU ( Intensive Care Unit ) yang membutuhkan bantuan ventilasi mekanik hampir mencapai 30% dari total pasien. Ventilasi mekanik yang digunakan dalam jangka panjang dapat meningkatkan resiko terjadinya mortalitas, dan ventilator associated pneumonia sehingga diperlukan perencanaan penyapihan yang tepat. Tujuan : Studi literatur ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi metode penyapihan pasien dari ventilasi mekanik di ICU. Metode : Penelusuran literatur dilakukan melalui database Google scholar dan Google search dengan menggunakan kata kunci weaning mechanical ventilation, weaning protocol, critical care nursing. Literatur yang digunakan dari tahun 1997-2015 dalam bentuk full text. Literatur yang sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dianalisis secara narasi. Hasil: Penelusuran mendapatkan 7 artikel penelitian yang menunjukkan metode penyapihan pasien dari ventilasi mekanik. Metode penyapihan dari ke 7 artikel tersebut adalah metode protokol dan non protokol. Metode non protokol misalnya physician direct weaning ( PDW ) dan collaboration weaning plan ( CWP ). Metode penyapihan dengan protokol antara lain : nurse` protokol directed weaning ( NPDW ) dan protokol base weaning ( PBW ). Kesimpulan : Metode penyapihan protokol menunjukkan hasil lebih efektif dibandingkan metode non protokol. Kata Kunci: Penyapihan Ventilasi Mekanik, Protokol Penyapihan, Keperawatan Kritis Methode of Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation in Intensive Care Unit : Study Literature ABSTRACT Back ground : patients in the ICU who require mechanical ventilation assistance almost 30% of the total patients. Mechanical ventilation is used in the long term can increase the risk of mortality and ventilator associated pneumonia so that proper planning is necessary weaning. Objectives : the literature study aims to identify methods of weaning patients from mechanical ventilation in the ICU. Methods : the literature study search pass through by Google scholar and Google search using keywords weaning mechanical ventilation, weaning protocol, critical care nursing. Literature is used from the year 1997-2015 in the form of full text. Appropriate literature inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed narrative. Results : search get 7 articles studies showing methods of weaning patients from mechanical ventilation. Method of weaning to the article 7 is the method protocol and non-protocol. Methods of non protocols eg physician-direct weaning ( PDW ) and collaboration weaning plan ( CWP ). Methods of weaning protocols include: nurse` protocol directed weaning (NPDW) and protocols base weaning ( PBW ). Conclusion : the method of weaning protocol shows the results more effective than non - protocol methods Key word : weaning mechanical ventilation; weaning protocol; critical care nursing