PEMETAAN KEPENTINGAN KEAMANAN MARITIM NEGARA-NEGARA ASIA TIMUR DAN POSISI STRATEGIS INDONESIA THE (MAPPING OF EAST ASIAN COUNTRIES’ INTERESTS ON MARITIME SECURITY AND INDONESIA’S STRATEGIC POSITION) - Erlinda Matondang (Indonesia Defense University, 2017)
Abstrak – Kawasan Asia Timur yang meliputi Asia Tenggara dan Asia Timur Laut mempunyai wilayah perairan yang sangat kaya dan strategis. Ada beberapa permasalahan yang terjadi di wilayah tersebut, terutama sengketa batas laut dan tindakan saling klaim. Berdasarkan Analisis Regional Security Complexes (RSC), kepentingan bersama negara-negara di kawasan Asia Timur, khususnya negara-negara yang berkonflik, adalah terorisme, perompakan, penyelundupan, dan stabilitas ekonomi. Negara-negara tersebut tidak dapat disatukan pemikiran dan kebijakannya pada tataran politis karena adanya sengketa wilayah yang berpotensi peperangan. Indonesia mempunyai kepentingan ekonomi dan politik yang tinggi di bidang keamanan maritim. Kepentingan tersebut dapat dicapai dengan berfokus pada kepentingan bersama negara-negara di kawasan, khususnya di bidang perekonomian. Walaupun berada pada tingkatan yang berbeda, hampir semua negara di kawasan mempunyai kepentingan ekonomi yang tinggi di dalam pengamanan maritim. Indonesia dapat mendorong peningkatan kerja sama penanganan keamanan maritim dengan dalih menjaga stabilitas ekonomi kawasan. Kata Kunci : Asia Timur, Indonesia, keamanan maritim, kepentingan, posisi strategis Abstract – East Asia which consists of Southeast and Northeast has a rich and strategic water area. Actually, there are some problems in this area, especially about border disputes and claimed area. Based on Regional Security Complexes (RSC) Analysis, the countries in East Asia, particularly conflicting countries, have the same issues to talk and negotiate, such as piracy, smuggling, and economic stability. Those countries will never be in one voice politically because the disputes happened among them potentially able to cause the war. Indonesia, as one of the countries in Southeast Asia, has high economic and political interests in the maritime security. Those interests can be achieved by focusing on the common interests, especially in the economical life. Although they stay in different level, almost all countries in the region have high economic interests in the maritime security. Indonesia can support the increasing of cooperation on maritime security by keeping economic stability of the region. Keywords: East Asia, Indonesia, interest, maritime security, strategic position