Isolasi dan Identifikasi Virus Avian Influenza Subtipe H5N1 pada Unggas di Pasar Tradisional Semarang - Farikhul Ulum; R. Susanti; Siti Harnina Bintari (Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro, 2013)
Meningkatnya kasus infeksi virus Avian Influenza (AI) subtipe H5N1 atau lebih dikenal dengan flu burung yang menyebabkan kematian pada manusia sangat dikhawatirkan dapat menular dari manusia ke manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat virus Avian Influenza subtipe H5N1 pada unggas yang diperjualbelikan di pasar tradisional di Semarang. Sebanyak 55 sampel usap kloaka diambil dari unggas sehat dan belum divaksin di 6 pasar tradisional Kota Semarang. Inokulum ditumbuhkan pada telur ayam berembrio specific pathogen free (TAB-SPF) umur sembilan hari. Kemudian telur diinkubasikan selama 4 hari. Cairan alantois dipanen dan diuji kemampuannya mengaglutinasi sel darah merah. Cairan alantois yang menunjukkan aktivitas hemaglutinasi, selanjutnya diekstraksi RNA-nya dan diidentifikasi VAI subtipe H5N1 dengan metode Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) menggunakan primer spesifik H5 dan primer N1. Kemudian DNA hasil RT-PCR dianalisis dengan teknik elektroforesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 4 isolat positif VAI subtipe H5N1 dengan sebaran 2 isolat dari sampel yang berasal dari pasar Mangkang, 1 isolat dari pasar Rejomulyo dan 1 isolat dari pasar Karimata. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa unggas yang diperjualbelikan di pasar tradisional di Kota Semarang ada yang terinfeksi VAI subtipe H5N1.The increasing cases of viral infection of Avian Influenza (AI) H5N1 subtype or more commonly known as bird flu that causes death in humans very feared to spread from human to human. The aim of this research was to obtain isolates of Avian Influenza virus (AIV) subtype H5N1 that marketable in traditional markets in Semarang. A total of 55 cloacal swab samples taken from healthy and unvaccinated fowl in the 6 traditional market in Semarang. Inoculum was grown in embryonated chicken eggs specific pathogen free (SPF TAB) nine days. Then the eggs were incubated for 4 days. Allantoic fluids were harvested and tested for their ability to agglutinate red blood cells. Allantoic fluid that showed hemagglutination activity, further their RNA was extracted and AIV subtype H5N1 identified with Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) method using specific primers primary H5 and N1. Then the results of RT - PCR were analyzed by electrophoresis technique. The results showed that there are 4 positive isolates with the distribution of the H5N1 subtype AIV 2 isolates samples derived from market Mangkang, 1 isolate from market Rejomulyo and 1 isolate from market Karimata. Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that the fowl that marketable in traditional markets in Semarang there were AIV infected with subtype H5N1.