Tingkat Kerawanan dan Mitigasi Bahaya Kebakaran Hutan: Studi Kasus di KHDTK Sawala Mandapa, Kadipaten, Provinsi Jawa Barat (The Level of Vulnerability Forest Fire Hazard Mitigation: Case Study at Sawala Mandapa Forest Research Station (FRS) Kadipaten, West Java Province) - Henny Wahyuti; Irma Yeny (Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hutan, 2021)
ABSTRACTIn the dry season, land fires often occur in Sawala Mandapa forest research station (FRS) which is caused by human factors. In terms of anticipating this, the accurate information of land burnt potency is needed. The research aims are to determine the level of fire vulnerability and forest fire hazard mitigation. Data were collected by using survey techniques and interviews with key respondents. The collected data was analyzed in the excel program and showed a factor value of 1 - 5 according to their indicators. A survey was carried out on 11 polygons spread over the Sawala FRS Block 9. The data were collected in the specific form of variables of fire susceptibility level (human activity, land cover, weather, and soil type) and fire mitigation. The results showed that the research area had a vulnerable value of 1.8 - 3.3 (from low to high) vulnerable class category. The low-risk area has forest cover in the form of secondary forest and without any human activities. The moderate vulnerability has forest cover in the form of secondary forest and human activities in the certain forms such as obtaining firewood and community road access. The high vulnerability level has forest cover in the form of secondary forest and has certain human activities such as utilizing land under mahogany and teak stands. In addition, there were indicated that burning activities for waste disposal happened in the area. The mitigation that has been carried out is dominated by non-physical mitigation, namely strengthening community capacity. The fire hazard map produced by this study can be used as the basis for fire prevention policies.Keywords: Human activities, fire susceptibility, forest research station, mitigatioABSTRAKPada musim kemarau, kebakaran hutan dan lahan sering terjadi di Kawasan Hutan dengan Tujuan Khusus (KHDTK) Sawala Mandapa yang diakibatkan oleh kelalaian manusia. Untuk mengantisipasi hal tersebut, diperlukan informasi yang akurat tentang lahan yang memiliki potensi terbakar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan tingkat kerawanan kebakaran dan mitigasi bahaya kebakaran hutan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik survei dan wawancara terhadap responden kunci. Data yang terkumpul diinput dalam program Microsoft excel dan diberi nilai faktor 1 - 5 sesuai indikator yang dimiliki. Survei dilakukan pada 11 poligon yang tersebar pada KHDTK blok Sawala petak 9. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa variabel tingkat kerawanan kebakaran (aktivitas manusia, tutupan lahan, cuaca dan jenis tanah) dan mitigasi kebakaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, wilayah penelitian memiliki nilai rawan 1,8 - 3,3 dengan kategori kelas rawan rendah hingga tinggi. Pada areal tingkat rawan rendah memiliki tutupan hutan berupa hutan sekunder dan tidak tampak aktivitas manusia. Tingkat rawan sedang, memiliki tutupan hutan berupa hutan sekunder dan aktivitas manusia berupa pengambilan kayu bakar dan akses jalan masyarakat. Tingkat rawan tinggi memiliki tutupan hutan berupa hutan sekunder dan memiliki aktivitas manusia berupa pemanfaatan lahan di bawah tegakan mahoni dan jati. Selain itu, terdapat aktivitas pembuangan dan pembakaran sampah. Mitigasi yang telah dilakukan didominasi oleh mitigasi non fisik, yaitu penguatan kapasitas masyarakat. Peta kerawanan kebakaran yang dihasilkan penelitian ini dapat dijadikan dasar kebijakan pencegahan kebakaran.Kata kunci : Aktivitas manusia, kerawanan kebakaran, KHDTK, mitigasi