Penggunaan Tepung Maggot dan Cangkang Kepiting dalam Ransum Terhadap Produksi dan Kualitas Telur Puyuh - Daud, Muhammad; Yaman, Muhammad Aman; Gunawan, Fajar (Universitas Halu Oleo, 2022)
ABSTRAK Produksi dan kualitas telur puyuh sangat dipengaruhi oleh nutrisi pakan, salah satu sumber nutrisi pakan dapat diperoleh dari tepung maggot (Hermetia illucens) dan cangkang kepiting. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi tepung maggot dan cangkang kepiting sebagai sumber protein dan mineral dalam ransum puyuh terhadap produksi dan kualitas telur puyuh. Penelitian menggunakan 208 ekor puyuh betina Coturnix coturnix japonica yang dipelihara sampai umur 90 hari (3 bulan). Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 4 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan. Perlakuan ransum terdiri atas: P1 (ransum kontrol/ransum komersial), P2 (ransum mengandung 3% tepung maggot dan 1% cangkang kepiting, P3 (ransum mengandung 6% tepung maggot dan 1% cangkang kepiting, dan P4 (ransum mengandung 9% tepung maggot dan 1% cangkang kepiting. Variabel yang diamati adalah: produksi telur harian, bobot telur, massa telur, bobot kerabang telur, persentase kerabang telur, ketebalan kerabang telur, indek telur, bobot kuning telur, persentase kuning telur, indek kuning telur, warna kuning telur, bobot putih telur, persentase putih telur, indek putih telur, dan haugh unit (HU). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung maggot dan cangkang kepiting dalam ransum secara signifikan (p<0,05) meningkatkan kualitas telur puyuh (bobot kuning telur, bobot kerabang telur, persentase kuning telur, dan indek kuning telur), namun tidak memberi pengaruh yang nyata terhadap produksi telur. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan tepung maggot 3-9% dan cangkang kepiting 1% dalam formulasi ransum dapat memberi pengaruh positif terhadap produksi dan kualitas telur puyuh.Kata Kunci: Maggot, cangkang kepiting, ransum, kualitas telur puyuhUse of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens) and Crab Shells in Ration on Egg Quality and Production of QuailABSTRACT The production and quality of quail eggs is strongly influenced by feed nutrition, one source of feed nutrition can be obtained from black soldier fly (BSF) (Hermetia illucens) and crab shells. The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential of BSF and crab shells as a source of protein and minerals in quail rations on the production and quality of quail eggs. The study used 208 female quail which were reared until the age of 90 days. The study was conducted experimentally, using a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The ration treatments: P1 (control ration), P2 (ration containing 3% BSF and 1% crab shell, P3 (ration containing 6% BSF and 1% crab shell), and P4 (ration containing 9% BSF and 1% crab shell). The variables observed were: daily egg production, egg weight, egg mass, egg shell weight, egg shell percentage, egg shell thickness, shape index, egg yolk weight, egg yolk percentage, yolk index, yolk color, albumen weight, albumen percentage, albumen index, and haugh unit (HU). The data obtained were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan's multiple distance test. The results showed that the use of BSF and crab shells in the ration significantly (p<0.05) improved the quality of quail eggs (egg yolk weight, egg shell weight, egg yolk percentage, and yolk index), but did not have a significant effect on egg production. It was concluded that the use of 3-9% BSF and 1% crab shells in the ration formulation could have a positive effect on the production and quality of quail eggs.Keywords: black soldier fly, feed, crab shell, quail egg quality