TANGGUNG JAWAB NEGARA DAN MEKANISME PENYELESAIAN EXTRAJUDICIAL KILLINGS 1965 - Mardiyono Mardiyono (Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, 2016)
AbstrakPersoalan extrajudicial killings 1965 merupakan kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan dantermasuk kejahatan HAM berat sesuai Pasal 7 UU No. 26 Tahun 2000. Penghukumanyang dilakukan tanpa proses pengadilan merupakan pengkhianatan terhadap nilai-nilaikemanusiaan yang terkandung dalam Pasal 1 ayat (3) Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. DalamMasstricht Guidelines on Violations of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, negaraberkewajiban melindungi hak-hak sipil dan politik, hak-hak ekonomi, sosial dan budaya,dengan memberlakukan tiga jenis kewajiban pada Negara, yaitu: kewajiban untukmenghormati, melindungi dan memenuhi. Kegagalan untuk melakukan salah satu daritiga kewajiban tersebut merupakan pelanggaran hak yang dilakukan oleh negara. Terkaitdengan extrajudicial killings 1965, negara dapat memikul kewajiban baik sebagai akibatdari perbuatannya sendiri (acts of commision) maupun oleh karena pembiaran (acts ofommission).AbstractThe infamous tragedy of extrajudicial killings in Indonesia in 1965 could be categorized ascrimes against humanity, as well as a serious violation of human rigts as set forth inArticle 7 of Law No. 26, 2000 and Article 1 Paragraph (3) of the Constitution of 1945. In theMaastricht Guidelines on Violations of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the state isobliged to protect the civil, political and economic rights, as well as social and culturalrights. to impose state obligations (the obligation to respect, protect and fulfill). Failure todo any of these constitutes a violation of rights by the state. In relation to extrajudicialkillings that took place in 1965, the state may assume obligations both as a result of hisown actions (acts of commission) as well as because of its omission.