ANALISIS PENGUASAAN KONSEP DAN MISKONSEPSI BIOLOGI DENGAN TEKNIK MODIFIKASI CERTAINTY OF RESPONSE INDEX PADA SISWA SMP SE-KOTA SUMBAWA BESAR - Maesyarah Maesyarah; A Wahab Jufri; Kusmiyati Kusmiyati (Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, 2015)
Abstrak: Salah satu tujuan pembelajaran IPA di SMP/Mts adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan, konsep, dan keterampilan IPA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penguasaan konsep dan miskonsepsi biologi pada siswa SMP Se-Kota Sumbawa Besar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri Se-Kota Sumbawa Besar tahun ajaran 2013/2014. Sampel penelitian dipilih berdasarkan lokasi sekolah yaitu SMP pusat kota, SMP di pinggiran kota, dan SMP di luar yang ditentukan dengan teknik Cluster Random Sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa pengembangan tes pilihan ganda dengan teknik modifikasi Certainty of Response Index. Hasil penelitian yaitu (1) penguasaan konsep biologi pada siswa SMP di pusat kota tergolong tinggi, penguasaan konsep biologi pada siswa SMP di pinggiran kota tergolong sedang, dan penguasaan konsep biologi pada siswa SMP di luar kota tergolong rendah;(2) miskonsepsi yang terjadi pada siswa SMP di pusat Kota, SMP di pinggiran kota, dan SMP di luar kota termasuk dalam kategori sedang; (3) miskonsepsi materi ciri-ciri makhluk hidup tergolong tinggi,, miskonsepsi materi keanekaragaman makhluk hidup tergolong sedang dan miskonsepsi materi tingkat organisasi kehidupan tergolong sedang; (4) retensi penguasaan konsep selama dua minggu pada SMP di pusat kota meningkat sebesar 5,70%, retensi penguasaan konsep siswa pada SMP di pinggiran kota meningkat sebesar 11,69%, dan retensi penguasaan konsep siswa pada SMP di luar kotaÃÂ meningkat sebesar 5,75%. Perbedaan tingkat penguasaan konsep biologi dari ketiga kelompok sampel kemungkinan disebabkan karena perbedaan minat belajar siswa. Salah satu penyebab terjadinya miskonsepsi biologi pada siswa SMP se-kota Sumbawa Besar adalah kurangnya kemampuan dalam mengolah informasi dan rendahnya tingkat penalaran. Miskonsepsi pada materi ciri-ciri mahluk hidup tergolong tinggi disebabkan siswa hanya mampu menyebutkan dan memberi contoh, tanpa mampu menjelaskan konsep ciri-ciri makhluk hidup. Perbedaan retensi penguasaan konsep siswa pada ketiga kelompok sampel dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor kelupaan pada siswa. Retensi dapat ditingkatkan dengan penggunaan strategi pembelajaran aktif dan pembelajaran bermakna.Kata kunci: penguasaan konsep, miskonsepsi, teknik modifikasi CRIAbstract: One of the objectives science in secondary school is to improve the studentÃ¢â¬â¢s knowledge, attainment concept, and process skills science. This descriptive research is aimed to analyze the understanding concept and misconception of Biology in the Junior high schoolÃ¢â¬â¢s students at Sumbawa Besar City. The kind of this research is descriptive. The population consist of 1197 students of eight grade in six Junior High School at Sumbawa Besar City in academic year of 2013/2014. The sample of this research was selected based on school location consist of junior high school in central town, suburban, and rural area of Sumbawa Besar City which were determined by Cluster Random Sampling. The researchÃ¢â¬â¢s instrument is developing multiple-choice test with modification technique of CRI. The results of this research shows : (1) understanding concepts of biology in junior high schoolsÃ¢â¬â¢ students in central town is classified as high, while that students in suburban is classified as moderate, and students in rural area of Sumbawa Besar City is classified as low; (2) misconceptions that occur in materialÃÂ about characteristic of living thing, diversity of living thing, and levels of live organization at junior high schoolsÃ¢â¬â¢ students in central town, suburban and rural area of Sumbawa Besar City are classified as moderate; (3) misconceptions occur in characteristic of living things material classified as high, misconceptions occur in of living things materials and levels of life organizationÃÂ are classified as moderate; (4) retentions ofÃÂ understanding concept during two weeks of the junior high schoolÃ¢â¬â¢s student in central town is increase by 5.50 % ,while that of student in suburban is increase by 11.38 % , and student in rural area of Sumbawa Besar City is increase by 5.55 % . Difference in the level of attainment concepts of the three sample groups is probably due to difference interest in learning of student.ÃÂ One of the causes of biological misconceptions on junior high school students at Sumbawa Besar cityÃÂ is the lack of ability to process information and low level of reasoning. Misconceptions on the material characteristics of living thing is high because students were only able to mention and give examples, without being able to explain the concept of the characteristics of living thing.ÃÂ Differences in students' attainment concepts retention in l three groups of samples can be affected by factors on student forgetfulness.ÃÂ Retention can be enhanced with the use of active learning strategies and meaningful learning.Keywords : understanding concepts, misconceptions, technique of modified CRI