Efektivitas Teknik Relaksasi Otot Progresif dengan Effleurage Massage Terhadap Nyeri Punggung pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III - Rismawati Simbung; Fadjriah Ohorella; Sumarni Sikki (FORIKES, 2022)
Back pain is one of the most common discomforts felt by pregnant women in the third trimester during pregnancy. Complaints of back pain during the pregnancy period occur due to anatomical changes in the body. Back pain in third trimester pregnant women causes discomfort in activities, changes in body structure, long-term back pain so that it increases the tendency for postpartum back pain and is at risk of suffering from venous thrombosis. One of the non-pharmacological therapies that can overcome back pain in pregnant women is to combine progressive muscle relaxation techniques with effleurage massage. This research method was a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest with control group. The sample in this study were 30 third trimester pregnant women who were in the working area of Samata Health Center which were obtained by purposive sampling technique. Respondents were divided into 2 groups, namely the intervention group and the control group by measuring each level of pain before and after the intervention. Analysis of the difference in pain levels was carried out using the Wilcoxon test and the Mann Whitney test. Wilcoxon test results in the control group showed a p value = 0.000, while in the intervention group = 0.001. The results of the Mann-Whitney test showed a p value = 0.842, which means that either by combining progressive muscle relaxation techniques and effleurage massage or by simply doing effleurage massage, both can reduce pain.Keywords: progressive muscle relaxation technique; message efflurage; back pain; pregnant motherABSTRAK Nyeri punggung merupakan salah satu ketidaknyamanan yang paling umum dirasakan oleh ibu hamil trimester III selama masa kehamilan. Keluhan nyeri punggung selama periode kehamilan terjadi akibat perubahan anatomis tubuh. Nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil trimester III menimbulkan rasa tidak nyaman dalam beraktivitas, perubahan struktur tubuh, nyeri punggung jangka panjang sehingga meningkatkan kecenderungan nyeri punggung pasca partum dan beresiko menderita trombosis vena. Salah satu terapi nonfarmakologi yang dapat mengatasi nyeri punggung ibu hamil ialah dengan memadukan teknik relaksasi otot progresif dengan effleurage massage. Metode penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan pretest-posttest with control group. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 ibu hamil trimester III yang berada diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Samata yang didapatkan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Responden dibagi dalam 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol dengan mengukur masing-masing tingkat nyeri sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Analisis perbedaan tingkat nyeri dilakukan menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dan uji Mann Whitney. Hasil uji Wilcoxon pada kelompok kontrol menunjukkan nilai p = 0,000, sedangkan pada kelompok intervensi = 0,001. Hasil uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan nilai p = 0,842, yang artinya baik dengan mengkombinasikan teknik relaksasi otot progresif dan effleurage massage ataupun dengan hanya melakukan effleurage massage, keduanya bisa menurunkan nyeri.Kata kunci: teknik relaksasi otot progresif; message efflurage; nyeri punggung; ibu hamil