PENGETAHUAN PERAWAT TERHADAP RESPON HOSPITALISASI ANAK USIA PRA SEKOLAH - Wahyu Rima Agustin (Universitas Kusuma Husada Surakarta, 2013)
ABSTRAK Sakit (illness) adalah penilaian individu terhadap pengalaman menderita suatu penyakit. Akibat perawatan di Rumah Sakit khususnya bagi pasien anak-anak bisa menimbulkan dampak baik terhadap Þ sik maupun psikologis diantaranya kecemasan, merasa asing akan lingkungan yang baru, berhadapan dengan sejumlah individu yang belum dikenal, perubahan gaya hidup dari yang biasa, serta harus menerima tindakan medik atau perawatan yang menyakitkan. Anak-anak yang dirawat lebih dari dua minggu memiliki resiko mengalami gangguan bahasa dan perkembangan ketrampilan kognitif, serta pengalaman buruk di Rumah Sakit sehingga dapat merusak hubungan dekat antara ibu dan anak. Perawatan anak di ruang anak sangat berbeda dengan perawatan orang dewasa maka untuk perawatan anak tidak cukup hanya terampil dalam melaksanakan prosedur keperawatan tetapi juga harus mempunyai minat, motivasi serta mengetahui tahap-tahap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak sesuai dengan umurnya. Karakteristik perkembangan anak usia pra sekolah antara lain egosentris, keras kepala, mulai belajar mencintai dari orang yang terdekat atau orang satu rumah, usia bermain dan anak sudah mulai belajar untuk bersosialisasi. Apabila anak usia pra sekolah menderita sakit dan harus dirawat di Rumah Sakit reaksi-reaksi yang muncul biasanya sangat kompleks dan bervariasi diantaranya regresi (rasa tergantung/tidak mau ditinggal), rasa takut, dan cemas, merasa dipisahkan dari keluarga, putus asa, dan protes . Perawat mampu mengidentiÞ kasi respon hospitalisasi anak usia pra sekolah yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit berdasarkan tingkat pengetahuannya. Pengetahuan perawat dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan, pengalaman kerja, minat dan motivasi Kata kunci: pengetahuan perawat, hospitalisasi, anak usia prasekolah ABSTRACT Illness is an individual assessment of the experience of suffering from a disease . As a result of hospitalization, especially for pediatric patients can have an impact both on the physical and psychological anxiety among others, will feel strange new environment, dealing with a number of individuals who have not known, lifestyle changes than usual, and had to receive medical action or painful treatments . Children who were cared more than two weeks at risk for developmental language disorders and cognitive skills, as well as a bad experience at the hospital so that it can damage the close relationship between mother and child. Child care in the nursery is very different from the adult care for child care is not enough just skilled in performing nursing procedures but should also have an interest, motivation and know the stages of growth and development of children according to age. Characteristics of the development of pre-school children, among others, an egocentric, stubborn, start learning to love from the nearest person or persons of the house, the age of the child has begun to play and learn to socialize . If the pre-school age children suffer from pain and had to be treated in hospital reactions that arise are usually very complex and varies among regression, fear, and anxiety, feeling separated from families, despair and protest. Nurses were able to identify the response of hospitalization hospitalization response pre-school children who were hospitalized in a knowledge based level. Knowledge of nurses is inß uenced by education, work experience, interests and motivations Keywords: knowledge of nursing, hospitalization, preschoolers