PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA BAHARI BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DAN PERAN STAKEHOLDER DALAM PENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYA ALAM DI TAMAN WISATA ALAM LAUT PULAU MARSEGUKABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT PROPINSI MALUKU - Henderina Lelloltery; Satyawan Pujiatmoko; Chafid Fandelli; M. Baiquni (Lambung Mangkurat University-Indonesia, 2018)
The research objective was to determine the development of marine ecotourism based on community participation and stakeholder involvement. The research method used is a survey method by observing and inventorying the forms of community involvement by means of interviews and Focus Group Disscusion (FGD). Data were analyzed qualitatively qualitative.The results showed that the potential of marine ecotourism in Marsegu Island Nature Tourism Park (NTP) was very diverse, especially in coastal and aquatic ecosystems including mangrove forest ecosystem in the bay of Pelita Jaya and Kotania and the potential of aquatic resources including seagrass, coral reefs, reef fish and beautiful underwater charm. Cultural potential includes dances, traditional ceremonies and local wisdom “Sasi Laut” activities. Natural and cultural potential and community and stakeholder support, is in demand by domestic tourists and foreign tourists,especially beachattraction, snorkeling and diving. Communities around the area are generally coastal communities who have a dependency on water resources. Livelihoods are generally fishermen (51%) with a dominant education level of elementary school (45%), and people with high productive age (74.95%). Community participation in marine ecotourism activities includes sea and land transportation, lodging and homestay, Restaurant and Culinary, shop and tour guide. This community participation contributes to the economic value derived from foreign tourist expenditure of Rp.884,947 / day. The results of stakeholder identification show that each stakeholder still carries out its functions and roles separately, both key stakeholders, and key stakeholders. For this reason, collaboration and coordination between stakeholders is needed by collaborative management (Collaborative management).Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengembangan ekowisata bahari berbasis partisipasi masyarakat dan keterlibatan stakeholder. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan melakukan observasi dan inventarisasi bentuk keterlibatan masyarakat dengan cara wawancara dan Focus Group Disscusion (FGD). Data dianalisis secara diskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa potensi ekowisata bahari di TWA Pulau Marsegu sangat beragam terutama pada ekosistem pesisir maupun perairan meliputi komunitas hutan mangrove di teluk pelita jaya dan teluk kotania dan potensi sumberdaya perairan meliputi padang lamun, terumbu karang, ikan karang serta pesona bawah laut yang indah. Potensi budaya meliputi tari-tarian, upacara adat dan kearifan lokal”Sasi Laut”. Potensi alam dan budaya serta dukungan masyarakat dan stakeholder, diminati oleh wisatawan nusantara dan mancanegara, terutama atraksi wisata pantai, snorkeling dan diving. Masyarakat sekitar kawasan umumnya merupakan masyarakat pesisir, yang memiliki ketergantungan terhadap sumberdaya perairan. Mata pencaharian umumnya nelayan (51 %) dengan tingkat pendidikan dominan SD (45%),dan masyarakat dengan usia produktif tinggi (74,95%). Partisipasi masyarakat dalam kegiatan ekowisata bahari meliputi jasa transportasi laut dan darat, jasa penginapan dan homestay, Jasa Rumah Makan dan Kuliner, Jasa toko dan pemandu wisata. Partisipasi masyarakat ini memberikan kontribusi nilai ekonomi yang berasal dari pengeluaran wisatawan mancanegara sebesar Rp.884.947/hari. Hasil identifikasistakeholder menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing stakeholder masih menjalankan fungsi dan perannya secara terpisah, baik stakeholder kunci, maupun stakeholder utama. Untuk itu diperlukan kerjasama dan koordinasi antar stakeholder dengan melakukan pengelolaan yang bersifat kolaboratif (Collaboratif management).