PENGARUH PANJANG ENTRES TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN SAMBUNG PUCUK DAN PERTUMBUHAN BENIH JAMBU METE - Ferry, Yulius; Saefudin, Saefudin (Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan, 2011)
Penelitian yang bertujuan mencari panjang entres yang tepat agar keberhasilan sambung pucuk benih jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale L.) telah dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Cikampek, Kabupaten Karawang, Jawa Barat. Tanah yang digunakan jenis laterit berbatu andesit, tipe iklim C dan ketinggian tempat 50 meter di atas permukaan laut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2009 sampai dengan April 2010. Bahan yang digunakan bibit jambu mete jenis B 02 baik untuk batang bawah maupun batang atas (entres). Penyambungan dilakukan setelah bibit berumur 3 bulan dengan tinggi bibit sekitar 60 cm dan diameter batang bibit 0,6 cm. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok diulang tiga kali masing-masing terdiri dari 15 tanaman. Perlakuan yang diuji yaitu panjang entres 10, 15 dan 20 cm. Tanaman jambu mete ditanam dalam polybag dengan ukuran 15 x 25 cm. Parameter yang diamati meliputi diameter pangkal setek entres, warna pangkal setek entres, persentase keberhasilan sambung pucuk, pertambahan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan diameter batang benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panjang entres berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan sambung pucuk jambu mete, panjang entres terbaik adalah 20 cm dengan keberhasilan penyambungan 78 %.Effect of scion length on the success rate of grafting and growth of seedlingsABSTRACTThe research was to obtain proper length of upper stem to the success rate of grafting and grwoth of the seedling cashew nut plants have been conducted in the Garden Experiments Cikampek, Karawang regency, West Java. Soil types was rocky laterite andesite, type C climate and altitude of 50 meters above sea level. The research was conducted in August 2009 until April 2010. While the materials used cashew seed type B 02 for both rootstock and to the upper stem. Grafting was done after 3 months old seedlings with seedlings about 60 cm high and 0.6 cm diameter stems of seedlings. Experiments prepared following the randomized block design was repeated three times that consisting of 10 plants. The treatments were tested namely long scion 10, 15 and 20 cm. Plants grew in polybags with size 15 x 25 cm. The indicators were observed covering the base of the cuttings scion diameter, cutting the base color of entres, the percentage of shoots continued success, increased plant height, leaf number and stem diameter of the seed.The results showed that the length of entres effect on continued success graftingÂ of seedling cashew. Scion length was 20 cm which gave the highest grafting success is as much as 78%.