METODE PEMBELAJARAN MEMBACA DAN MENULIS PERMULAAN DI SD/MI - Halimah, Andi (PGMI, 2014)
Abstrak: Pada awal-awal peserta didik memasuki lingkungan sekolah, program pembelajaran membaca dan menulis permulaan (MPP) adalah program utama. Dalam pelaksanaan pembelajarannya, dikenal bermacam-macam metode pembelajaran MMP, yakni metode eja, metode bunyi, metode suku kata (silabel), metode kata (lembaga kata), metode global, dan metode SAS. Pembelajaran MMP dengan metode bunyi dan metode eja/abjad/alfabet dimulai dengan pengenalan unsur bahasa terkecil yang tidak bermakna, yakni lambang lambang huruf. Berbekal pengetahuan tentang lambang-lambang huruf meningkat ke pengenalan satuan-satuan bahasa di atasnya, yakni suku kata; lalu menuju pengenalan kata, hingga sampai pada pengenalan kalimat. Pembelajaran MMP terdiri atas pembelajaran membaca permulaan dan pembelajaran menulis permulaan. Pembelajaran membaca permulaan terbagi ke dalam dua tahap, yakni: pembelajaran membaca tanpa buku dan pembelajaran membaca dengan menggunakan buku. Terdapat bermacam variasi pembelajaran membaca permulaan, di antaranya membaca buku pelajaran (buku paket), membaca buku/majalah anak, membaca bacaan susunan bersama guru-siswa, membaca bacaan hasil susunan siswa. Sedangkan pembelajaran menulis permulaan terbagi ke dalam dua tahap, yakni: tahap pengenalan huruf dan pelatihan menulis. Variasi bentuk latihan menulis permulaan, di antaranya latihan pramenulis (memegang pensil dan gerakan tangan), menghubungkan tanda titik-titik, menyalin, menulis halus/indah, dikte/imla, melengkapi tulisan, dan mengarang sederhana. Abstract: In the early days of learners entering the school environment, the beginning reading and writing learning programs is the main program. In conducting the the learning program, there were various learning methods of the beginning reading and writing learning programs, such as the Method of Spelling method, the Method of Sound, the Methods of Syllable, the Global methods, and SAS Methods. The beginning reading and writing learning programs with the sound learning method and spelling method begins with the introduction of the smallest unit of language that are not meaningful, namely the symbols of letters. Then moves to the introduction of the units of language in it, namely the syllables, to the introduction of words, and finally to the introduction of sentences. the beginning reading and writing learning programs consists of learning beginning reading and writing. Beginning reading is divided into two stages, namely learning to read without reading books and learning to read using books. There are a wide varieties of learning beginning reading. They are reading texbooks, reading children books/magazines, reading arrangement text together (teacher and students), student read the arranged passage. While learning beginning writing is divided into two phases, namely phase of literacy and writing practice. Variations of the writing exercises start from the pre writing excercise (holding a pencil and hand movement), connect dot mark, copy, fine writing, dictation, complete sentences and simple composing.