GENETIC MUTATION INDUCTION OF Monstera adansonii ON VARIOUS MUTAGENS BY DRIPS APPLICATION (Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT), 2022)
Monstera adansonii has wide leaves with a split pattern on its strands (split leaf), smooth and shiny to create a basic visualization (background filler) in flower arrangements. This study aims to obtain genetic changes using chemical mutagens. Chemical mutagens used were 250 ppm EMS, 400 and 800 ppm streptomycin, 400 and 800 ppm GA3. The observations were performed after treatments on the parameter of amount of chlorophyll, stomata and leaf color changes. The results showed that both streptomycin treatments significantly reduced the plant height and the number of leaves. The application of streptomycin in high concentration (800 ppm) decreased the total amount of chlorophyll content in the leaves and changed the color as well as the shape of the Monstera leaves. All chemical mutagen treatments had no effect on stomatal density and stomatal area. The changes in leaf color and shape occurred in the high concentration of 800 ppm streptomycin treatment, could not detected by SSR marker. Monstera adansonii memiliki daun yang lebar dengan pola belahan pada helaian (split leaf), halus dan mengkilap dapat membuat visualisasi dasar (background filler) pada rangkaian bunga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh perubahan genetik dengan berbagai mutagen kimia. Mutagen kimia digunakan yaitu EMS 250 ppm, streptomisin 400 dan 800 ppm, serta GA3 400 dan 800 ppm. Pengamatan dilakukan setelah perlakuan, yaitu jumlah klorofil, stomata dan perubahan warna daun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan streptomycin secara nyata mengurangi tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun. Sedangkan perlakuan streptomycin dengan konsentrasi tinggi (800 ppm) berhasil menurunkan jumlah klorofil total, serta merubah warna dan bentuk daun Monstera. Semua perlakuan mutagen kimia tidak berpengaruh terhadap kerapatan stomata dan luas bukaan stomata. Perubahan warna dan bentuk daun yang terjadi pada perlakuan streptomisin 800 ppm, tidak dapat dideteksi dengan marka SSR.