Analisis Faktor Risiko Diare Pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jayapura Utara - Apriyana Irjayanti; Maxsi Irmanto; Tri Furianto Wibowo (Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, 2024)
Latar belakang: Kasus penyakit diare di Puskesmas Jayapura Utara menurun namun setiap bulannya tercatat ditemukan kasus baru dan wilayah kerjanya memiliki kelurahan dengan lingkungan padat hunian di pusat kota. Maksud penelitian ini adalah mengenal faktor risiko diare pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jayapura Utara.Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan kuantitatif observasional dengan pendekatan case control study. Populasi yaitu seluruh balita diare yang berkunjung ke Puskesmas Jayapura Utara pada bulan Juli-Agustus tahun 2022 sebanyak 30 balita dan sampel sebanyak 60 balita (kelompok kasus dan kontrol adalah 1:1). Pengukuran dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dan periksaan angka kuman usap alat makan/minum memakai metode ALT (Angka Lempeng Total). Analisa data yang digunakan analisis bivariat dengan uji chi-square dan multivariat memakai regresi binary logistic.Hasil: Balita tidak diare paling banyak memiliki penanganan sampah yang buruk (80%) dari pada balita diare (50%), sedangkan untuk variabel lainnya terpenuhi syarat baik kelompok kasus dan kontrol. Uji statistik menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara higiene sanitasi makanan/minuman (p-value = 0,015, OR = 5,211) dan penanganan sampah (p-value = 0,015, OR = 0,250) dengan kejadian diare dan tidak berhubungan antara keberadaan angka kuman pada peralatan makan/minum (p-value= 0,598, OR = 1,321), perilaku cuci tangan (p-value = 0,592, OR = 0,750), jenis lantai (p-value = 0,612, OR = 0,310), sarana air bersih (p-value = 0,145, OR = 0,235), dan sarana pembuangan tinja (p-value = 1,000, OR = 1,000) dengan kejadian diare. Analisis multivariat diperoleh faktor dominan ialah higiene sanitasi makanan/minuman (p-value= 0,024, OR =5,460).Simpulan: Hasil menunjukkan variabel higiene sanitasi makanan/minuman dan penanganan sampah berhubungan dengan kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jayapura Utara, sedangkan faktor risiko dominan yaitu higiene sanitasi makanan/minuman. ABSTRACT Title: Analysis of Risk Factors for Diarrhea in Toddlers in the Working Area of the North Jayapura Health CenterBackground: Cases of diarrheal disease at the North Jayapura Health Center have decreased, however new cases are found every month and the working area has a sub-district with a densely populated environment in the city center. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for diarrhea in toddlers in the working area of the North Jayapura Health Center.Methods: The research design uses a quantitative observational approach with a case control study. The population is all toddlers with diarrhea who visited the North Jayapura Health Center in July-August 2022 as many as 30 toddlers and a sample of 60 toddlers (case and control group is 1:1). Measurements in this study used a questionnaire and examined the germ count of eating/drinking utensils using the ALT (Total Plate Count) method. Data analysis used bivariate analysis with chi-square test and multivariate using binary logistic regression.Results: Toddlers without diarrhea mostly have poor waste handling (80%) than toddlers with diarrhea (50%), while the other variables meet the requirements for both the case and control groups. Statistical tests showed that there was a relationship between food/beverage hygiene (p-value = 0.015, OR = 5.211) and waste handling (p-value = 0.015, OR = 0.250) with the incidence of diarrhea and there was no relationship between the presence of germ numbers on cutlery /drinking (p-value= 0.598, OR = 1.321), hand washing behavior (p-value = 0.592, OR = 0.750), type of floor (p-value = 0.612, OR = 0.310), clean water facilities (p-value = 0.145, OR = 0.235), and faecal disposal facilities (p-value = 1.000, OR = 1.000) with the incidence of diarrhea. Multivariate analysis showed that the dominant factor was food/beverage hygiene (p-value = 0.024, OR = 5.460).Conclusion: The results show that the food/beverage sanitation hygiene and waste handling variables are related to the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers in the Jayapura Utara Health Center work area, while the dominant risk factor is food/beverage sanitation hygiene.