FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI NILAI TUKAR PEMBUDIDAYA IKAN (NTPI) DI DANAU MANINJAU PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT: FACTORS AFFECTING TO EXCHANGE THE RATE OF FISH FARMER IN LAKE MANINJAU, WEST SUMATERA PROVINCE - Adrian, Dio; Bathara, Lamun; Warningsih, Trisla (Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia, 2023)
Sumatera Barat memiliki luas perairan umum (sungai, danau, rawa, telaga) seluas 69.806 ha yang mana sebanyak hanya 3.100 ha (4,4%) berpotensi dimanfaatkan untuk kegiatan budidaya. Budidaya perikanan dengan menggunakan Keramba Jaring Apung (KJA) cukup berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besaran Nilai Tukar Pembudidaya Ikan (NTPi) serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Pada kegiatan ini Nilai Tukar digunakan untuk mengetahui kesejahteraan para pembudidaya. Kegiatan penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2022 di Danau Maninjau Nagari Tanjung Sani. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan melakukan pengamatan langsung. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS 26. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai tukar pembudidaya ikan di Nagari Tanjung Sani pada 6 petak sebesar 133, 8 petak sebesar 138 dan 10 petak sebesar 141 > 100, artinya pembudidaya ikan memiliki pendapatan lebih tinggi daripada pengeluaran atau mengalami surplus. Nilai tukar pembudidaya ikan (NTPi) Danau Maninjau Nagari Tanjung Sani sangat dipengaruhi oleh pendapatan budidaya, pendapatan non budidaya, pengeluaran budidaya dan pengeluaran non budidaya. Pengaruh paling besar yaitu pendapatan budidaya sebesar 81,5% diikuti dengan pendapatan non budidaya sebesar 5,5% dikarenakan pengaruhnya bersifat positif. Sedangkan pengeluaran budidaya dan pengeluaran non budidaya berpengaruh secara negatif dan menurunkan nilai tukar pembudidaya ikan. In exploiting the potential of fisheries as a place to develop aquaculture activities can be carried out in sea waters and public waters. West Sumatra has an area of ​​public waters of 69,806.78 ha consisting of rivers, lakes, swamps, ponds and others. Of this area, only 3,100 ha have potential for aquaculture in public waters. In the development of aquaculture there are many aquaculture activities such as floating net cage (FNC) cultivation. In this activity the Exchange Rate is used to determine the welfare of the cultivators. This research activity was carried out in September 2022 at Lake Maninjau Nagari Tanjung Sani. The research method used is a survey method by making direct observations. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26. The results showed that the exchange rate of fish farmers in Nagari Tanjung Sani in 6 plots was 133, 8 plots was 138 and 10 plots was 141 > 100, meaning that fish farmers had higher income than expenses or experienced a surplus. The fish farmer exchange rate (FFER) of Danau Maninjau Nagari Tanjung Sani is strongly influenced by cultivation income, non-cultivation income, cultivation expenditure and non-cultivation expenditure. The biggest influence is cultivation income of 81.5% followed by non-cultivation income of 5.5% because the influence is positive. Meanwhile, cultivation expenditure and non-cultivation expenditure have a negative effect and reduce fish farmer exchange rates.