Pengaruh Variasi Jumlah Perforasi Kemasan Terhadap Mutu Kentang Konsumsi (Solanum tuberosum L) - Guna, Kadek Mahendra Adhi; Pudja, Ida Ayu Rina Pratiwi; Setiyo, Yohanes (Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia, 2024)
Abstrak Tingginya produksi kentang di Indonesia tidak diimbangi dengan penanganan pascapanen yang tepat, sehingga banyak kentang yang mengalami kerusakan selama masa penyimpanan. Kemasan dengan perforasi dapat mempertahankan umur simpan umbi kentang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mendapatkan pengaruh perforasi kemasan terhadap mutu kentang konsumsi selama penyimpanan serta menentukan perlakuan yang dapat mempertahankan mutu kentang konsumsi selama penyimpanan. Penelitian dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan perforasi kemasan (0,42%, 0,63%, dan 0,84%). Setiap unit percobaan diulang 3 kali. Parameter yang diukur adalah susut bobot, kelembaban udara, suhu udara, color difference, dan tekstur umbi kentang. Laju peningkatan susut bobot untuk perlakuan kontrol, kemasan tanpa perforasi, kemasan perforasi 0,42%, kemasan perforasi 0,36%, dan kemasan perforasi 0,84% masing-masing adalah: 0,09 g/hari, 0,025 g/hari, 0,036 g/hari, 0,051 g/hari, 0,058 g/hari. Laju perubahan kelembaban udara untuk masing-masing perlakuan adalah: 0,10 %, 0,36 %, 0,30 %, 0,23 %, 0,16 %, dan laju perubahan suhu kemasan adalah: 0,03oC/hari, 0,056oC/hari, 0,020oC/hari, 0,026oC/hari, dan 0,033oC/hari. Laju perubahan color difference untuk masing-masing perlakuan adalah: 0,24 /hari, 0,36 /hari, 0,26 /hari, 0,27 /hari, dan 0,23 /hari. Laju perubahan tekstur dari masing-masing perlakuan adalah: 0,13 /hari, dan 0,53 N/hari, 0,65 N/hari, 0,53 N/hari, 0,56 N/hari, dan 0,63 N/hari. Kecukupan oksigen merupakan parameter penentu kualitas umbi kentang yang disimpan, maka perlakuan terbaik adalah perlakuan kemasan perforasi 0,84% dengan nilai penurunan susut bobot 8,77%, kelembaban 69,8%, perubahan suhu 28,8oC, color difference 6,95, tekstur 63,4 N. Abstract The high production of potatoes in Indonesia is not balanced with proper post-harvest handling, so many potatoes are damaged during storage. Packaging with perforations can maintain the shelf life of potato tubers. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of packaging perforation on the quality of consumption potatoes during storage and determine treatments that can maintain the quality of consumption potatoes during storage. Research with a completely randomized design (CRD) with packaging perforation treatment (0.42%, 0.63%, and 0.84%). Each experimental unit was repeated 3 times. The parameters measured were weight loss, air humidity, air temperature, color difference, and texture of potato tubers. The rate of increase in weight loss for the control treatment, packaging without perforation, 0.42% perforated packaging, 0.36% perforated packaging, and 0.84% perforated packaging were respectively: 0.09 g/day, 0.025 g/day, 0.036 g/day, 0.051 g/day, 0.058 g/day. The rate of change in air humidity for each treatment was: 0.10%, 0.36%, 0.30%, 0.23%, 0.16%, and the rate of change in packaging temperature was: 0.03oC/day, 0.056oC/day, 0.020oC/day, 0.026oC/day and 0.033oC/day. The color difference change rates for each treatment were: 0.24/day, 0.36/day, 0.26/day, 0.27/day, and 0.23/day. The rates of change in texture of each treatment were: 0.13 /day, and 0.53 N/day, 0.65 N/day, 0.53 N/day, 0.56 N/day and 0.63 N /day. Oxygen adequacy is a parameter determining the quality of stored potato tubers, so the best treatment is 0,84% perforated packaging with a weight loss value of 8,77%, humidity 69.8%, temperature change 28.8oC, color difference 6.95, texture 63,4 N.