Peranan Morfologi Tanaman untuk Mengendalikan Pengisap Daun, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) pada Tanaman Kapas - INDRAYANI, I G.A.A. (Puslitbang Perkebunan, 2008)
ABSTRAKVarietas tahan merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT). Mekanisme ketahanan tanaman terhadap hama meliputi: antibiosis, antixenosis, dan toleran. Ketahanan melalui faktor fisik/morfologi tanaman merupakan bagian dari ketahanan antixenosis dan digunakan untuk mendeterminasi tingkat ketahanan atau kepekaan varietas kapas terhadap Amrasca biguttula. Bulu daun sebagai salah satu sifat fisik/morfologi tanaman kapas mempunyai hubungan erat dengan ketahanan terhadap A. biguttula. Kerapatan bulu daun berperan penting pada ketahanan kapas terhadap A. biguttula, terbukti adanya korelasi negatif antara kerapatan bulu daun dan tingkat kerusakan tanaman. Varietas kapas yang berbulu cenderung lebih tahan terhadap serangan A. biguttula dibanding varietas yang tidak berbulu. Penggunaan varietas kapas tahan terhadap A. biguttula dapat mengurangi penggunaan insektisida kimia dan berpotensi meningkatkan keanekaragam hayati, sehingga mempertinggi peran musuh alami.Kata kunci: Kapas, morfologi tanaman, Amrasca biguttula, pengendalian hama terpadu ABSTRACTRole of plant morphological characteristics for controlling sucking insect pest, amrasca biguttula (ishida) on cottonThe use of resistant variety is one of the important component of Integrated Pest Management (IPM). Plant resistance against insect pests consists of three different mechanisms, e.g. antibiosis, antixenosis, and tolerance. Resistance to insect pests that involves physical/morphological characters of plant, is part of antixenosis, which is used to determine the resistance or susceptibility of cotton varieties against sucking insect pest, Amrasca biguttula. Leaf hairs (trichomes) as a physical/morphological characters of cotton plant have a close relationship to jassid (A. biguttula) resistance. Leaf hair density has an important role in the resistance of A. Biguttula. It is showed by negative correlation between leaf hair density and jassid damage. The hairy variety of cotton is more resistant to A. biguttula than those of glabrous (smooth leaf). The use of resistant varieties lead to reduction in insecticide application in pest control and increase the biodiversity in order to enhance the role of natural enemies.Key words: Cotton, morphological characters, Amrasca biguttula, integrated pest management