ANALISIS ARAH KIBLAT MASJID TUA KALUPPINI KECAMATAN ENREKANG KABUPATEN ENREKANG DENGAN METODE BAYANG-BAYANG - Nurul Ilmi Arsil; Nur Aisyah (Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar, 2021)
AbstrakSalat merupakan suatu kewajiban yang harus dilaksakan umat Islam yang telah memenuhi syarat (mukallaf). Salat juga sebagai garis besar demarkasi antara muslim dan non muslim, seperti sabda Nabi saw. yang artinya “perbedaan antara kafir (non muslim) dengan orang muslim adalah salat. Menghadap kiblat merupakan syarat sahnya salat, sehingga tidak sah salat tanpa menghadap kiblat kecuali salat khauf, salat diatas kendaraan yang diperkenankan menghadap kemana saja kendaraan itu menghadap. Permasalahan tentang arah kiblat menjadi hal yang urgent pasalnya masih banyak masjid-masjid di Indonesia yang belum menghadap ke arah kiblat yang sebenarnya hal ini didasarkan pada kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat tentang arah kiblat. Zaman sekarang telah banyak metode-metode dalam menentukan arah kiblat salah satunya yaitu dengan menggunakan metode bayang-bayang berdasarkan fenomena matahari, metode ini tergolong akurat. Keuntungan menggunakan metode ini dapat dilakukan setiap hari, ketika memenuhi kaidah astronomi dan tingkat akurasinya sama dengan rasdhul kiblat global. Metode penentuan arah kiblat Masjid Tua Kaluppini masih menyimpan banyak misteri, ada yang mengatakan bahwa penentuan arah kiblatnya dengan melihat peredaran matahari dan bintang. Sebagai masjid tertua di wilayah adat Kaluppini masjid ini digunakan dalam ritual-ritual adat seperti Maccera Manurung yang merupakan ritual adat dan keagamaan tertinggi di masyarakat adat Kaluppini yang merupakan agenda 8 tahun sekali, maka dari itu penulis tertarik menganalisis arah kiblat masjid Tua Kaluppini menggunakan metode bayang-bayang dengan menggunakan alat seperti, tongkat istiwa, kiblat tracker, busur kiblat dan dioptra, kemudian ditemukan fakta bahwa arah kiblat masjid tua Kaluppini mengalami kemelencangan 50°- 52° dari Barat ke Selatan. Oleh sebab itu pemahaman tentang arah kiblat sangat penting untuk diketahui.Kata Kunci: Salat, Arah Kiblat, Metode Bayang-Bayang AbstackPrayer is an obligation that must be carried out by muslims who have met the requirements (mukallaf). Prayer is also an outline of the dermacation between muslims and non-muslims, such as the words pf the prophet. Which means “the difference between infidels (non-muslims) and muslims is prayer. Facing the qiblah is a condition for the validaty of prayer, so it is not valid to pray without facing the qiblah except for the Khauf prayer, praying on a vehicle that is allowed to face wherever the vehicle is facing. The problem of the qiblah direction is an urgent matter because there are still many mosques in Indonesia yhat have not faced the qibla direction, which is actually based on the lack of public understanding of the qibla direction. Now a days, there are many methods in determining the qibla direction,one of which is by using the shadow methods based on solar phenomena, this method is quite accurate. The advantage of using yhis method can be donne every day, when it meets the rules of astronomy and the level of accuracy is the same as the global qibla rasdhul. The method of determining the qibla direction of the old mosque of Kaluppini still has many mysteries, some say that determining the direction of the qibla is by looking at the circulation of the sun and start. As the oldest mosque in the Kaluppini customary area, this mosque is used in tradisional rituals such as Maccera Manurung which is the highest traditional and religious ritual in the Kaluppini indigenous community which is an agenda every 8 years, therefore the author is interested in analyzing the qibla direction of the old Kaluppini mosque using the method. Shadow using tools such as the istiwa stick, qibla tracker, qibla arc abd dioptra, then the fact was found that the qibla direction of the old Kaluppini mosque was tilted 50°- 52° from west to soulth. Therefore an understanding of the qibla directions is very important to know. Keywords: Prayer, Qibla Direction, Sun Shadow Method