PENGARUH BAKTERI AZOTOBACTER DALAM MENAMBAT NITROGEN TERSEDIA DAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays) PADA TANAH GAMBUT - Nicholas Ginting, David Samuel; Anshari, Gusti Zakaria; Hayati, Rita (Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Janabadra, 2024)
Azotobacter bacteria are non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria that fix free nitrogen from the air. It is hoped that the nitrogen that has been fixed by Azotobacter bacteria can be used by plants to help corn grow. This research was carried out for 4 months, in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak City, West Kalimantan Province, starting from preparing the planting media until the plants reached the maximum vegetative phase. Presentation of soil data analysis was obtained from the Bogor Soil Research Institute Laboratory, Soil Chemistry and Fertility Laboratory and Soil Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanjungpura University. This research was carried out as an experiment in polybags using a method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications so that there were 20 sample units. The treatment for administering Azotobacter bacterial isolates was as follows: P0 = no isolate, P1 = 30 ml of isolate, P2 = 60 ml of isolate, P3 = 90 ml of isolate, P4 = 120 ml of isolate. Variables observed in this study included total nitrogen, available nitrogen (NO3- and NH4+), soil acidity (pH), soil organic carbon, azotobacter population, plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), plant dry weight (grams). The results showed that giving 30 ml of Azotobacter bacterial isolate (P1) increased ammonium by 46.31%, nitrate by 14.73%, Azotobacter population by 118.86%, plant height by 6.14%, plant diameter by 8.06%, weight plant dryness was 26.24% while there was a decrease in soil pH of 0.88%, soil organic carbon 3.53%, total soil nitrogen 4.12%.Keywords: azotobacter; nitrogen fixing; peat, sweet cornINTISARIBakteri Azotobacter adalah bakteri penambat nitrogen non-simbiosis yang memfiksasi nitrogen bebas dari udara. Nitrogen yang telah ditambat oleh bakteri Azotobacter diharapkan dapat digunakan tanaman sehingga membantu pertumbuhan jagung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 4 bulan, di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tanjungpura, Kota Pontianak, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat mulai dari persiapan media tanam hingga tanaman mencapai fase vegetatife maksimum. Penyajian data analisis tanah didapat dari Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanah Bogor, Laboratorium Kimia dan Kesuburan Tanah serta Laboratorium Biologi Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tanjungpura. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada percobaan dalam polybag dengan metode menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan sehingga terdapat 20unit sampel. Perlakuan pemberian isolat bakteri Azotobacter adalah sebagai berikut: P0 = tanpa isolat, P1 = 30 ml isolat, P2 = 60 ml iolat, P3 = 90 ml isolat, P4 = 120 ml isolat. Variabel yang diamati dalam penelitian ini meliputi nitrogen total, nitrogen tersedia (NO3- dan NH4+), kemasaman tanah (pH), karbon organik tanah, populasi azotobacter, tinggi tanaman (cm), diameter batang (mm), berat kering tanaman (gram). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian isolat bakteri Azotobacter sebanyak 30 ml (P1) meningkatan amonium sebesar 46,31%, nitrat 14,73%, populasi azotobacter 118,86%, tinggi tanaman 6,14%, diameter tanaman 8,06%, berat kering tanaman 26,24% sedangkan terdapat penurunan pH tanah sebesar 0,88%, karbon organik tanah 3,53%, nitrogen total tanah 4,12%.Kata kunci: azotobacter; menambat nitrogen; gambut, jagung manis