Uji Mutu Spesifik dan Non-Spesifik Ekstrak Etanol 70% Daun Beluntas (Pluchea indica (L.) Less) - Wibowo Wibowo; Luluk Anisyah; Nancy Ratu Jovancha (Universitas Malahayati Lampung, 2024)
ABSTRACT Pluchea indica leaves in Indonesia are used as a medicine to get rid of body odor, as a fever reducer (antipyretic), to increase appetite, to increase breast milk, and as a cough medicine. This study used a non-experimental design with analytic descriptive method using the ethanol extract of beluntas (Pluchea indica (L.) Less) leaves as subjects. The research was conducted in June 2023 at the Pharmacognosy Laboratory and Integrated Chemistry Laboratory, S1 Pharmacy Study Program, STIKes Panti Waluya Malang to conduct an extract quality test based on standardized extract quality parameters on young and old beluntas leaf simplicia. The materials used in this study were 70% ethanol extract of beluntas (Pluchea indica (L.) Less) leaves. Plant determination was carried out at the UPT Herbal Materia Medika Batu Laboratory. The results of the organolepsis test obtained the bauk has herbal beluntas leaves, bitter and astringent taste, green color in powder form. In the alkaloid test, Bouchardat reagent: produces a blackish brown color (+), Mayer's reagent: produces a clear white color (+), Dragendorf reagent: produces a yellow color (-) Alkaloid test results are positive (+), because from 3 times the reaction produces 2 which showed positive results, the flavonoid test obtained positive results because when 1 ml of concentrated HCl was dropped it produced an orange color, while the saponin test obtained a positive value because the sample produced 1-10 cm high foam after being shaken and allowed to stand. When dripped with 1 drop of HCl 2 N the foam does not disappear. The ethanol soluble compound was 69.17%, the water soluble compound content was 53.46%, the determination of the water content was 17.13%. Keywords: Beluntas leaves, ethanol extract, quality test ABSTRAK Daun beluntas (Pluchea indica (L.) Less) di Indonesia digunakan sebagai obat untuk menghilangkan bau badan, sebagai penurun demam (antipiretik), peningkat nafsu makan, memperbanyak ASI, dan obat batuk. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain non eksperimental dengan metode deskriptif analitik dengan menggunakan subyek ekstrak etanol daun beluntas (Pluchea indica (L.) Less). Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2023 di Laboratorium Farmakognosi dan Laboratorium Kimia Terpadu Prodi S1 Farmasi STIKes Panti Waluya Malang untuk melakukan uji mutu ekstrak berdasarkan parameter standarisasi mutu ekstrak pada simplisia daun muda dan tua beluntas. Bahan – bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah ekstrak etanol 70% daun beluntas (Pluchea indica (L.) Less). Determinasi tanaman dilakukan dilakukan di UT Laboratorium Herbal Materia Medika Batu. Hasil penelitian pengujian organolepsis didapatkan bauk has herbal daun beluntas, rasa pahit dan sepat, warna hijau bentuk serbuk. Pada uji alkaloid didapatkan Pereaksi Bouchardat : menghasilkan warna coklat kehitaman (+),Pereaksi Mayer : menghasilkan warna putih bening (+), Perekasi Dragendrof : menghasilkan warna kuning (-) uji Alkaloid hasilnya Positif (+), karena dari 3 kali reaksi menghasilkan 2 yang menunjukan hasil positif, uji flavonoid didapatkan hasil positip dikarenakan saat diteteskan 1 ml HCl pekat menghasilkan warna jingga, sedangkan pada uji saponin didapatkan nilai positip dikarenakan sampel menghasilkan buih setinggi 1 – 10 cm setelah dikocok dan didiamkan saat ditetesi dengan 1 tetes HCl 2 N buih tidak hilang. Senyawa larut etanol 69,17 %, Kadar senyawa larut dalam air 53,46 %, penetapan kadar air didapatkan hasil 17,13 %. Kata Kunci: Daun Beluntas, Ekstrak Etanol, Uji Mutu