INTEGRASI IOT DAN BIG DATA UNTUK OPTIMASI LOGISTIK DAN RANTAI PASOKAN - S, Usanto; Sopian, Adi; Sucahyo, Nur; Syahrial, Riza; Hiswara, Indra (Institut Teknologi dan Bisnis (ITB) Swadharma, 2024)
The development of information and communication technology has brought significant changes to various sectors, including logistics and the supply chain. The Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data are two key technologies that have attracted the attention of many researchers and practitioners due to their potential to enhance efficiency, accuracy, and transparency in logistics processes and supply chain management. This study explores the integration of IoT and big data for optimizing logistics and supply chains, as well as identifying related benefits and challenges. The research methodology used is a mixed-methods approach combining qualitative and quantitative methods. Data were collected through literature reviews, interviews, questionnaires, and field observations. The results show that the integration of IoT and big data can improve operational efficiency, demand forecasting accuracy, route optimization, risk management, and customer satisfaction. Real-time tracking with IoT devices reduces the risk of lost goods by up to 30%, while process automation reduces the need for human intervention and increases operational efficiency by 25%. Big Data analysis helps in more accurate demand forecasting with a 15% improvement in accuracy, and route optimization reduces average delivery time by 10% and fuel consumption by 15%. Predictive maintenance with IoT data reduces vehicle downtime by up to 20%, and risk analytics reduce risk incidents by 18%. Although there are challenges regarding data security, device interoperability, and effective data management, solutions such as data encryption, the development of universal industry standards, and the use of cloud computing technology can address these issues. This study concludes that the integration of IoT and big data has great potential to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of logistics and supply chains, making a significant contribution to this industry in Indonesia..Perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi telah membawa perubahan signifikan dalam berbagai sektor, termasuk logistik dan rantai pasokan. Internet of Things (IoT) dan Big Data merupakan dua teknologi utama yang menarik perhatian banyak peneliti dan praktisi karena potensinya untuk meningkatkan efisiensi, akurasi, dan transparansi dalam proses logistik dan manajemen rantai pasokan. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi integrasi IoT dan Big Data untuk optimasi logistik dan rantai pasokan, serta mengidentifikasi manfaat dan tantangan yang terkait. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan metodologi campuran yang menggabungkan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi literatur, wawancara, kuesioner, dan observasi di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi IoT dan Big Data dapat meningkatkan efisiensi operasional, akurasi peramalan permintaan, optimasi rute pengiriman, manajemen risiko, dan kepuasan pelanggan. Pelacakan real-time dengan perangkat IoT mengurangi risiko kehilangan barang hingga 30%, sementara otomatisasi proses mengurangi kebutuhan intervensi manusia dan meningkatkan efisiensi operasional sebesar 25%. Analisis Big Data membantu peramalan permintaan yang lebih akurat dengan peningkatan akurasi sebesar 15%, serta optimasi rute pengiriman yang mengurangi waktu pengiriman rata-rata sebesar 10% dan konsumsi bahan bakar sebesar 15%. Pemeliharaan prediktif dengan data IoT mengurangi waktu henti kendaraan hingga 20%, dan analitik risiko mengurangi insiden risiko hingga 18%. Meskipun terdapat tantangan dalam hal keamanan data, interoperabilitas perangkat, dan manajemen data yang efektif, solusi seperti enkripsi data, pengembangan standar industri, dan penggunaan teknologi cloud computing dapat mengatasi masalah ini. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa integrasi IoT dan Big Data memiliki potensi besar untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas logistik dan rantai pasokan, serta memberikan kontribusi signifikan bagi industri ini di Indonesia.