ANALISIS KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS PADA TEGAKAN MANGROVE DI BLOK HUTAN MONDULAMBI, RPTN KAMBATAWUNDUT, SPTN II LEWA, KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL MANUPEU TANAH DARU - Sulastri, Clarita Wihelmina; Aji, Irwan Mahakam Lesmono; Wahyuningsih, Endah (Universitas Tanjungpura, 2024)
Mangrove ecosystems are vulnerable to changes and shifts in composition of vegetation, due to its dynamic and complex nature. The composition of mangrove vegetation is also influenced by ecosystem reactions in the form of external factors such as ecosystem pressure, tides, and the environmental quality of the ecosystem. To determine the composition of mangrove vegetation, it is necessary to carry out analyse the vegetation, to show the diversity of mangrove species. This study was conducted by analysing vegetation and diversity. The results show that the types of mangrove ecosystem composition in Mondulambi Block, Kambatawundut RPTN, SPTN II Lewa, Manupeu Tanah Daru National Park consisted of 7 families comprising of 9 species i.e: Sonneratia alba, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora mucronata, Excoecaria agallocha, Lumnitzera racemosa, Acanthus illicifolius, Terminalia catappa, Acrostichum aureum, and Derris trifoliata. Indications of moderate diversity based on the Shannon-Wiener Index, respectively for tree, sapling, and seedling growth levels are 1.313, 1.273, and 1.256. Based on Simpson's diversity index indicates a high value, with results of 0.700 at the tree level, 0.674 at the sapling level, and 0.646 at the seedling level. Keywords: Species Diversity, Mangroves, Environmental Quality Index, National Park AbstrakEkosistem mangrove rentan terhadap perubahan dan pergeseran vegetasi penyusun, hal ini dikarenakan ekosistem ini bersifat dinamis dan kompleks. Susunan vegetasi mangrove turut dipengaruhi reaksi ekosistem berupa faktor eksternal seperti tekanan ekosistem, pasang surut air laut, serta kualitas lingkungan ekosistem tersebut. Untuk mengetahui susunan vegetasi mangrove perlu dilakukan analisis vegetasi, yang menunjukkan keanekaragaman spesies mangrove. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menganalisis vegetasi dan keanekaragaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis penyusun ekosistem mangrove di Blok Mondulambi, RPTN Kambatawundut, SPTN II Lewa, Taman Nasional Manupeu Tanah Daru terdiri dari 7 famili dengan 9 jenis, terdiri dari Sonneratia alba, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora mucronata, Excoecaria agallocha, Lumnitzera racemosa, Acanthus illicifolius, Terminalia catappa, Acrostichum aureum, dan Derris trifoliata. Indikasi keanekaragaman sedang berdasarkan Indeks Shannon-Wiener, berturut-turut untuk tingkat pertumbuhan pohon, pancang, dan semai adalah 1,313, 1,273, dan 1,256. Berdasarkan indeks keanekaragaman Simpson mengindikasikan nilai yang tinggi, dengan hasil 0,700 pada tingkat pohon, 0,674 tingkat pancang, dan 0,646 tingkat semai. Kata kunci: Keanekaragaman Jenis; Mangrove; Indeks Kualitas Lingkungan; Taman Nasional