Chlorine dioxide mouthwash effect in reducing plaque accumulation: A randomized controlled trial with two-period crossover study - Ahmad, Alifah Halimah; Gartika, Meirina; Pratidina, Naninda Berliana (Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran, 2024)
ABSTRACTIntroduction: Dental plaque is one of the factors causing dental caries. Chemical plaque control is achieved through the use of mouthwash. Chlorhexidine (CHX) and chlorine dioxide (ClO2) mouth rinses help reduce plaque on tooth surface. This study aims to analyze the differences in plaque score reduction after using ClO2 and CHX mouthwash. Methods: This research utilized a randomized controlled crossover design with purposive sampling. The research was conducted on 30 students in grades 4-6 at SD Islam Bakti Asih Kabupaten Bandung, divided into two groups. Group I was instructed to rinse with ClO2 and Group II with 0.2% CHX, twice daily for three days. After a seven-day washout period, each group switched to the opposing mouthwash. Plaque scores were measured before and after mouth rinse use using the O’Leary index. Inter-rater reliability was tested using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). The result demonstrated that the ICC of all examiners was in good agreement (r=0.886, 95% confidence interval (CI)). Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and unpaired t-tests. Results: This research shows that plaque scores before and after using mouthwash decreased significantly (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in plaque scores reduction between ClO2 and CHX mouthwash (p=0.414). Conclusion: There was a difference in plaque scores before and after using ClO2 and CHX mouthwash, and there was no difference in reduced plaque scores between ClO2 and CHX mouthwash. ClO2 mouthwash could be an alternative additional treatment for reducing plaque in children.KEY WORDS: chlorine dioxide mouthwash, chlorhexidine, plaque index, O’Leary indexEfek berkumur menggunakan chlorine dioxideterhadap penurunan akumulasi plak: studi eksperimentalABSTRAKPendahuluan: Plak gigi merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab terjadinya karies. Pengendalian plak secara kimiawi dilakukan menggunakan obat kumur. Obat kumur klorheksidin (CHX) dan chlorine dioxide (ClO2) membantu menurunkan plak pada permukaan gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan penurunan skor plak setelah penggunaan obat kumur ClO2 dan CHX. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan studi eksperimental acak terkontrol dan menyilang dua periode dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada 30 siswa di SD Islam Bakti Asih Kabupaten Bandung yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok I diinstruksikan berkumur obat kumur ClO2 dan kelompok II diinstruksikan berkumur obat kumur CHX 0.2%, dua kali sehari selama tiga hari. setelah tujuh hari periode washed out, masing-masing kelompok menggunakan obat kumur yang berlawanan. Pengukuran skor plak dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah pemakaian obat kumur menggunakan indeks O’Leary. Uji reliabilitas antar rater menggunakan Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Uji kesepakatan antar rater didapatkan nilai ICC termasuk kategori baik (r=0.886, 95% confidence interval (CI)). Pengolahan data menggunakan uji t berpasangan dan uji t tidak berpasangan. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan skor plak sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan obat kumur mengalami penurunan yang signifikan(p<0.05), namun tidak ada perbedaan penurunan skor plak yang signifikan antara penggunaan obat kumur ClO2 dan CHX (p=0.414). Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan skor plak sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan dari obat kumur ClO2 dan CHX serta tidak terdapat perbedaan penurunan skor plak antara penggunaan obat kumur ClO2 dan CHX. Obat kumur ClO2 dapat menjadi alternatif perawatan tambahan dalam penurunan plak pada anak. KATA KUNCI: obat kumur chlorine dioxide, klorheksidin, indeks plak, indeks O’Leary