Antibacterial activity of ethanol fraction of capsicum annuum l. against streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175: Experimental study - Garinanda, Yasmine Aliyah; Yohana, Winny; Pramesti, Hening Tjaturina (Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran, 2024)
ABSTRACT Introduction: Streptococcus mutans is the main bacteria that causes dental caries. This bacteria has the features of being tightly adhered to the tooth surface and produce organic acid that cause tooth demineralization. Therefore, controling its growth is necessary to decrease the risk of caries. Capsicum annuum L. (cayenne red pepper) is believed to possess antibacterial activity. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the fraction ethanol of C. annum (FECA) against S. mutans ATCC 25175 in vitro. Methods: This was a experimental laboratory research. The extraction of cayenne red pepper used the maceration technique and the testing method used the serial microdilution with concentrations of 900; 800; 400; 200; 100; 50; 40; 25; 20; 12,5; 10; 6,25; 5; 2,5; 1,25; and 0,625 mg/ml. Chlorhexidine Gluconate 0,2% was used as the positive control, whereas Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB) media was used as the negative control. Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB) media was added with a suspension of S. mutans without the test material. Results: FECA at a 0.625-900 mg/ml concentration did not show S. mutans ATCC 25175 growth inhibition. There was no significant difference in mean absorbance between FECA at concentrations of 0,625-900 mg/ml and negative control based on the Mann Whitney test. There were colony growth of S. mutans in subcultures of FECA at concentrations of 0.625-900 mg/ml. Conclusion: The ethanol fraction of Capsicum annuum L. (cayenne red pepper) has no antibacterial activity against S. mutans ATCC 25175. KEYWORDS: Capsicum annuum L, ethanol fraction, antibacterial activity, Streptococcus mutansAktivitas antibakteri fraksi etanol capsicum annuum L. (cabai merah rawit domba) terhadap streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175: Studi eksperimentalABSTRAKPendahuluan: Karies gigi adalah infeksi bakteri pada rongga mulut yang mengakibatkan kerusakan lokal pada struktur gigi. Salah satu bakteri penyebab karies adalah Streptococcus mutans sehingga pengontrolan pertumbuhan bakteri ini diduga menurunkan risiko karies. Capsicum annuum L. (Cabai Merah Rawit Domba) diyakini memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan aktivitas antibakteri, konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) dan konsentrasi bakterisidal minimum (KBM) fraksi etanol C. annum (FECA) terhadap S. mutans ATCC 25175 secara in vitro. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratoris menggunakan metode pengenceran seri dengan Chlorhexidine Gluconate 0,2% sebagai kontrol positif dan campuran media Brain Heart Infusion Broth dan suspensi S. mutans sebagai kontrol negatif. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji statistik Mann-Whitney. Hasil: FECA pada konsentrasi 0.625-900 mg/ml tidak menghambat pertumbuhan S. mutans. Tidak terdapat perbedaan rata-rata absorbansi yang signifikan antara FECA pada konsentrasi 0.625-900 mg/ml dan kontrol negatif berdasarkan uji Mann Whitney. Terdapat pertumbuhan koloni S. mutans pada subkultur FECA pada konsentrasi 50-900 mg/ml di media Brain Heart Infusion Agar. Simpulan: Fraksi etanol C. annuum varietas Cabai Merah Rawit Domba Kabupaten Pangalengan tidak memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap S. mutans ATCC 25175.