Pengaruh Perilaku dan Kualitas Layanan Terhadap Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Kabupaten Jeneponto: Influence of Behavior and Service Quality on Dental and Oral Health of Pregnant Women at Jeneponto District Health Center - Idham, Idham; Muchlis, Nurmiati; Yuliati, Yuliati (Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, 2025)
Abstrak Latar Belakang: Peningkatan risiko terjadinya penyakit gigi dan mulut dapat dialami semua individu termasuk ibu hamil. Ibu hamil berisiko terkena karies gigi dan gingivitis. Dimana sebagian besar tidak melakukan kunjungan ke dokter gigi untuk konsultasi atau perawatan. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh perilaku dan kualitas layanan terhadap kesehatan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil di puskesmas dengan atau tanpa dokter gigi. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode observasional analitik dan rancangan cross sectinal study. Jumlah populasi 205 dan sampel 128. Penelitian menggunakan kuesioner tentang perilaku meliputi pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan serta kualitas layanan dimana kesehatan gigi dan mulut dinilai menggunakan OHI-s dan DMF-T ibu hamil. Uji statistik menggunakan uji Chi-square dan uji beda. Hasil: Hasil penelitian dengan analisis bivariate menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh perilaku dan kualitas layanan terhadap kesehatan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil kecuali sikap terhadap DMF-T (p=0,020). Namun, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan penilaian skor sikap (p=0,029) dan indeks DMF-T (p = 0,022) antara kedua puskesmas. Kesimpulan: Tidak ada pengaruh perilaku dan kualitas layanan terhadap kesehetan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil (p>0,05) dan terdapat perbedaan penilaian sikap dan indeks DMF-T ibu hamil pada puskesmas dengan atau tanpa dokter gigi. Abstract Background: Pregnant women constitute a demographic group at heightened risk for oral diseases, including dental caries and gingivitis. Despite this susceptibility, the majority do not seek regular dental consultations or treatments. Objective: This study aimed to examine the impact of behavioral factors and service quality on the oral health status of pregnant women at public health centers with and without on-site dental practitioners in Jeneponto Regency. Methods: Employing a quantitative observational analytic design and a cross-sectional approach, this study recruited 128 respondents out of a total population of 205 pregnant women. Data were gathered using questionnaires focused on behavior—encompassing knowledge, attitudes, and practices—as well as on service quality. Oral health status was evaluated using the OHI-s (Oral Hygiene Index–Simplified) and the DMF-T (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth) index for pregnant women. Statistical analyses included Chi-square and difference tests. Results: Bivariate analysis revealed no significant influence of either behavioral factors or service quality on the oral health of pregnant women except attitude assessment for DMF-T (p=0,020). Nonetheless, a statistically significant difference was observed between public health centers, specifically in attitude scores (p = 0.029) and DMF-T indices (p = 0.022). Conclusion: Behaviour and service quality do not significantly affect the dental and oral health of pregnant women (p>0.05), and there are disparities in attitude assessment and DMF-T index among pregnant women at public health centers with or without dental professionals.