EFEKTIVITAS MINYAK ATSIRI KEMANGI DAN PALA TERHADAP HASIL TANGKAPAN LALAT BUAH (Bactrocera spp.) PADA TANAMAN BELIMBING DI AGROWISATA BELIMBING BOJONEGORO - Putri, Fanny Etrisya; Windriyanti, Wiwin; Rahmadhini, Noni (Badan Penerbitan Universitas Widyagama Malang, 2024)
ABSTRAK Lalat buah merupakan hama utama tanaman belimbing. Atraktan tanaman aromatik merupakan salah satu pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan. Jenis tanaman yang dapat dijadikan atraktan adalah pala dan kemangi. Metil eugenol pada minyak atsiri tanaman menghasilkan aroma feromon seks yang mirip dengan lalat buah betina sehingga menurunkan laju reproduksinya. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan deteksi varian, jika terdapat perbedaan nyata maka dilanjutkan uji BNJ pada taraf 5%. Korelasi antara faktor abiotik dan populasi lalat buah juga diamati. Atraktan yang paling sering menangkap lalat buah adalah minyak atsiri pala. Korelasi suhu dan jumlah populasi lalat buah Y= 30.275 – 0.001x; R²=0.602 dan korelasi curah hujan dengan populasi lalat buah Y= -14.457 + 0.013x; R²=0.081. Kedua korelasi tersebut sama-sama tidak berpengaruh nyata. Semua lalat buah yang tertangkap adalah lalat buah jantan dari spesies B. carambole. Minyak atsiri pala mampu menangkap lalat buah lebih banyak yaitu sebanyak 262.5-344.7 ekor dibandingkan minyak atsiri kemangi sebanyak 35.6-39.7 ekor. Minyak atsiri pala memiliki masa aktif lebih dari 7 hari sedangkan kemangi hanya memiliki masa aktif 4 hari. ABSTRACT Fruit flies are the main pest of star fruit plants. Aromatic plant attractants are an environmentally friendly control agent. Types of plants that can be used as attractants are nutmeg and basil. Methyl eugenol in the plant's essential oil produces a sex pheromone aroma similar to that of female fruit flies, thereby reducing their reproductive rate. The study used a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Data collection was carried out by variant detection, and if there were real differences then the BNJ test was continued at the 5% level. Correlations between abiotic factors and fruit fly populations were also observed. The attractant that most often catches fruit flies was nutmeg essential oil. Correlation between temperature and fruit fly population size was Y= 30.275 – 0.001x; R²=0.602 and correlation between rainfall and fruit fly population was Y= -14.457 + 0.013x; R²=0.081. Both correlations had no real effect. All fruit flies caught were male fruit flies of the species B. carambole. Nutmeg essential oil was able to catch more fruit flies, namely 262.5-344.7 compared to 35.6-39.7 basil essential oil. Nutmeg essential oil had an active period of more than 7 days, while basil only had an active period of 4 days.