Etnografi Stunting pada Etnis Mandar di Kabupaten Majene Provinsi Sulawesi Barat: Ethnography of Stunting in Mandar Ethnicity in Majene Regency, West Sulawesi Province - Alfatah, Ratih; Arman, Arman; Mahmud, Nur Ulmy; Abbas, Hasriwiani Habo; Nurlinda, Andi; Rusydi, Arni Rizqiani (Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, 2025)
ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Frekuensi kejadian stunting pada masyarakat Mandar di kabupaten Majene Sulawesi Barat masih tinggi. Faktor utama penyebab stunting adalah buruknya asupan gizi sejak periode awal pertumbuhanan perkembangan janin hingga anak berusia dua tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kejadian stunting yang tinggi terjadi karena faktor pola makan, penyakit infeksi, pola asuh, dan pengetahuan ibu balita stunting. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui bagaimana etnografi stunting pada etnis Mandar di kabupaten Majene Provinsi Sulawesi Barat. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi yang berupaya memahami aspek budaya melalui serangkaian pengamatan dan interpretasi perilaku manusia. Secara khusus, studi etnografi difokuskan pada perilaku budaya terhadap kejadian stunting. Hasil: Stunting disebabkan karena pola makan, penyakit infeksi, pola asuh dan pengetahuan ibu balita stunting. Kesimpulan: Masyarakat Mandar di Majene sudah memahami setiap aspek kejadian stunting pada anak di bawah lima tahun. Namun, mereka masih memiliki kepercayaan makanan yang dilarang dikonsumsi ibu hamil, pemberian teh dan kopi pada anak balita, pemberian MP-ASI dini, dan pengetahuan ibu balita stunting. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pendekatan holistik untuk mengurangi frekuensi kejadian stunting. ABSTRACT Background: The frequency of stunting in Mandar people in Majene district, West Sulawesi is still high. The main factor causing stunting is poor nutritional intake from the early period of fetal development until the child is two years old. The results showed that the high incidence of stunting occurred due to dietary factors, infectious diseases, parenting, and knowledge of mothers of stunted toddlers. Objective: To find out how the ethnography of stunting in Mandar ethnicity in Majene district, West Sulawesi province. Method: This research is qualitative with an ethnographic approach that seeks to understand cultural aspects through a series of observations and interpretations of human behavior. Specifically, the ethnographic study focused on cultural behavior towards the incidence of stunting. Results: Stunting is caused by diet, infectious diseases, parenting and knowledge of mothers of stunted toddlers. Conclusion: The Mandarese community in Majene has understood every aspect of stunting in children under five years old. However, they still have beliefs about foods that are prohibited for pregnant women, giving tea and coffee to children under five, early complementary feeding, and knowledge of mothers of stunted children under five. Therefore, a holistic approach is needed to reduce the frequency of stunting.