Konflik Dinasti Turki Utsmani-Shafawiyah-Mamluk - ahmad syafi'i mufadzilah riyadi; Muhammad Habib Adi Putra (Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Program Studi Sejarah dan Kebudayaan Islam, 2024)
Konflik antara Dinasti Ottoman, Dinasti Safawi, dan Kesultanan Mamluk merupakan peristiwa penting dalam sejarah Timur Tengah pada abad ke-16 dan ke-17. Persaingan antara negara-negara ini berasal dari perbedaan agama, ambisi teritorial, dan aspirasi politik. Dinasti Ottoman yang didominasi Sunni dan Dinasti Safawi yang sebagian besar Syiah bersaing ketat untuk menguasai wilayah strategis di Timur Tengah. Kesultanan Mamluk yang berbasis di Mesir juga memberikan tantangan serius bagi Kesultanan Utsmaniyah. Pada tahun 1516-1517 M, Ottoman berhasil mengalahkan Mamluk dan menaklukkan wilayah Suriah dan Mesir. Meski berhasil menundukkan Mamluk, sisa-sisa pasukan Mamluk terus memberontak sehingga menyulitkan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah untuk sepenuhnya menguasai wilayah tersebut. This research employs qualitative research methodology with a historical approach. The historical approach is used to examine the background of the conflict among these three powers and analyze the impact of the conflict. The study applies the dialectical conflict theory by Ralf Dahrendorf. The findings of this research reveal the causes and consequences of the conflict among these three Islamic governments at that time. In 1555, the Treaty of Amasya established clear borders between the Ottoman Dynasty and the Safavid Dynasty. The conflict between the Ottoman Dynasty and the Mamluk Sultanate weakened the Mamluk power. These impacts had long-term implications in the history of the Middle East, shaping territorial borders, political authority, and religious dynamics in the region. Although the competition ended with treaties and conquests, the legacy of this conflict continues to influence the political and religious history of the Middle East up to the present day.