Analisis Light Weight Tonnage (LWT) kapal penangkap ikan tipe longline berbahan fiberglass (Studi kasus: Dinas Perikanan Kabupaten Buton Selatan) - Samaluddin Samaluddin; Rahmawati Djunuda; Azhar Aras Mubarak; La Ode Abdul Gamsir (Politeknik Pelayaran Banten, 2025)
Perancangan kapal penangkap ikan menuntut ketepatan dalam penentuan berat kapal, khususnya berat kapal kosong (light weight tonnage / LWT), karena berpengaruh langsung terhadap displacement, stabilitas, dan performa operasional kapal. Pada praktiknya, perancangan kapal bantuan pemerintah masih sering mengabaikan analisis LWT secara komprehensif, terutama pada kapal berbahan fiberglass. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menentukan nilai light weight tonnage (LWT) kapal penangkap ikan tipe longline berbahan fiberglass di Dinas Perikanan Kabupaten Buton Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi lapangan, pengukuran langsung dimensi kapal, wawancara, dokumentasi, serta studi literatur. Perhitungan berat dilakukan dengan mengacu pada komponen utama LWT, yaitu berat konstruksi kapal, berat perlengkapan dan peralatan kapal, serta berat mesin penggerak berdasarkan kaidah perhitungan Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia (BKI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai light weight tonnage kapal sebesar 950,18 kg, yang terdiri atas berat konstruksi kapal 415,83 kg, berat perlengkapan dan peralatan 175,30 kg, serta berat mesin penggerak 359,05 kg. Nilai LWT yang diperoleh menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan terhadap performa kapal, khususnya terkait stabilitas, olah gerak, dan kapasitas operasional saat berlayar. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi teknis dalam perancangan kapal penangkap ikan berbahan fiberglass serta sebagai dasar evaluasi desain kapal bantuan pemerintah di sektor perikanan. Ramp door failure on Roll-on/Roll-off (Ro-Ro) vessels can directly affect loading and unloading The design of fishing vessels requires accurate determination of ship weight, particularly the light weight tonnage (LWT), as it directly affects displacement, stability, and operational performance. In practice, the design of government-assisted fishing vessels often lacks comprehensive LWT analysis, especially for fiberglass vessels. This study aims to analyze and determine the light weight tonnage (LWT) of a fiberglass longline fishing vessel operated by the South Buton District Fisheries Service. A quantitative descriptive method was employed, with data collected through field observation, direct measurement of vessel dimensions, interviews, documentation, and literature review. The LWT calculation was conducted based on the main components, namely hull construction weight, equipment and outfitting weight, and propulsion machinery weight, in accordance with the rules of the Indonesian Classification Society (BKI). The results indicate that the vessel’s light weight tonnage is 950.18 kg, consisting of hull construction weight of 415.83 kg, equipment and outfitting weight of 175.30 kg, and propulsion machinery weight of 359.05 kg. The obtained LWT value significantly influences the vessel’s performance, particularly in terms of stability, seakeeping behavior, and operational capacity. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a technical reference for the design of fiberglass fishing vessels and as an evaluation basis for government-assisted vessel design in the fisheries sector.