Hubungan Anemia dengan Kejadian Preeklampsia pada Ibu Hamil di RSD Balung Jember - Nastiti Hayuningtyas, Bella; Lulut Sasmito; Gumiarti (SM Institute, 2025)
Preeklampsia merupakan kondisi yang mengganggu kehamilan dimana terdapat hipertensi yang disertai adanya proteinuria dan edema, serta sering terjadi pada usia kehamilan diatas 20 minggu dan menjelang persalinan. Faktor resiko terjadinya preeklamsia salah satunya yaitu anemia. Riset ini dilakukan guna menilai korelasi antara anemia dengan kejadian preeklampsia pada ibu hamil. Data pendahuluan yang dikumpulkan di di RSD Balung, Jember diperoleh data ibu hamil pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2022 sebanyak 119 ibu hamil, dengan 35 diantaranya terdiagnosa preeklampsia. Ibu hamil yang terdiagnosa preeklampsia 62% mengalami anemia. Teknik pengambilan data secara retrospektif dengan menggunakan pendekatan crosssectional. Dalam penelitian ini, populasi yang digunakan adalah 1094 data ibu hamil tahun 2023. Sampel penelitian diperoleh menggunakan metode simple random sampling dengan total 292 rekam medis yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui uji Chi-Square , lalu dilanjutkan dengan uji korelasi lambda. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukkan 50,3% tidak anemia, 36,3% anemia ringan, 11,6% anemia sedang, 1,7% anemia berat, 65,4% tidak preeklampsia dan 34,6% preeklampsia. Tidak ditemukan korelasi antara kondisi anemia dengan munculnya kejadian preeklampsia dengan nilai ρ-value 0,604 > α 0,05. Meskipun Anemia dan preeklampsia tidak berhubungan, kedua kejadian tersebut merupakan komplikasi kehamilan yang harus dilakukan deteksi dini dengan melakukan pemeriksaan ANC (Antenatal Care). Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication characterized by hypertension accompanied by proteinuria and edema, and it commonly occurs after 20 weeks of gestation or near delivery. One of the risk factors for preeclampsia is anemia. This study was conducted to assess the correlation between anemia and the incidence of preeclampsia among pregnant women. Preliminary data collected at RSD Balung, Jember, showed that from October to December 2022 there were 119 pregnant women, of whom 35 were diagnosed with preeclampsia. Among those diagnosed with preeclampsia, 62% also experienced anemia. The data were collected retrospectively using a cross-sectional approach. In this study, the population consisted of 1,094 medical records of pregnant women in 2023. The sample was obtained using a simple random sampling method, resulting in 292 medical records that met the inclusion criteria. Data analysis was carried out using the Chi-Square test, followed by the Lambda correlation test. The results showed that 50.3% of the participants were not anemic, 36.3% had mild anemia, 11.6% had moderate anemia, 1.7% had severe anemia, 65.4% did not experience preeclampsia, and 34.6% experienced preeclampsia. No correlation was found between anemia and the incidence of preeclampsia, with a p-value of 0.604 > α 0.05. Although anemia and preeclampsia were not significantly associated, both conditions are pregnancy complications that require early detection through Antenatal Care (ANC) examinations.