Species Diversity and Estimation of Aboveground Carbon Stocks in Beach Forests, Hatusua Village, Maluku, Indonesia - Irwanto, Irwanto; Sahupala, Andjela; Tetelay, Febian F; Komul, Yulianus D (Research and Social Study Institute, 2024)
Hutan pantai memiliki peran ekologis yang penting dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem pesisir, termasuk dalam menyerap karbon dan mendukung keanekaragaman hayati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman jenis pada berbagai tingkat pertumbuhan vegetasi dan menduga cadangan karbon atas permukaan di hutan pantai Negeri Hatusua, Kecamatan Kairatu, Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat, Maluku. Analisis keanekaragaman menggunakan indeks Shannon-Wiener dan pendugaan cadangan karbon dilakukan dengan metode non-destruktif dan destruktif, mencakup pohon, nekromas, tumbuhan bawah, dan serasah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat semai memiliki nilai keanekaragaman tertinggi (H’ = 2.48), diikuti oleh pancang (H’ = 2.18), pohon (H’ = 1.59), dan tiang (H’ = 1.22). Kerapatan vegetasi mencerminkan pola regenerasi alami hutan, dengan tingkat semai mencapai 130,500 individu/ha, namun mengalami penurunan signifikan pada tingkat pancang (1,920 individu/ha), tiang (460 individu/ha), dan pohon (100 individu/ha). Sedangkan total cadangan karbon atas permukaan mencapai 89.41 ton/ha, dengan pohon sebagai penyimpan karbon terbesar (83.87 ton/ha atau 93.81% dari total karbon), dan serapan karbon dioksida mencapai 327.83 ton/ha ekuivalen. Beach forests play a crucial ecological role in maintaining the balance of coastal ecosystems, including carbon sequestration and biodiversity support. This study aims to analyze species diversity at various vegetation growth stages and estimate aboveground carbon stocks in the coastal forest of Negeri Hatusua, Kairatu District, West Seram Regency, Maluku. Diversity analysis was conducted using the Shannon-Wiener index, while carbon stock estimation was carried out using non-destructive and destructive methods, covering trees, necromass, understory vegetation, and litter. The results show that the seedling stage has the highest diversity value (H’ = 2.48), followed by the sapling (H’ = 2.18), tree (H’ = 1.59), and pole (H’ = 1.22) stages. Vegetation density reflects the natural regeneration pattern of the forest, with seedlings reaching 130,500 individuals/ha, but significantly decreasing at the sapling (1,920 individuals/ha), pole (460 individuals/ha), and tree (100 individuals/ha) stages. The total aboveground carbon stock was found to be 89.41 tons/ha, with trees serving as the most significant carbon reservoir (83.87 tons/ha or 93.81% of the total carbon). In comparison, carbon dioxide sequestration reached 327.83 tons/ha equivalent.