Alih Fungsi Lahan dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Pendapatan serta Pola Konsumsi Rumah Tangga Petani di Desa Muktijaya Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir (Land Use Conversion and Its Impact on Income and Consumption Patterns of Farming Households in Muktijaya Village, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency) - Silvian, Trissa; Yunita; Yoga Hekmahtiar (Perum BULOG, 2024)
Mayoritas masyarakat di Desa Muktijaya, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir bermata pencaharian sebagai petani padi, namun saat ini banyak yang mengalihfungsikan lahan menjadi kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui proses konversi lahan, faktor yang memengaruhi konversi lahan, perbedaan pendapatan petani padi dan kelapa sawit, serta pola konsumsinya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan September-Desember 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan proportional stratified random sampling. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: (1) Proses konversi lahan didasarkan pada pertimbangan ekonomi, keberlanjutan, dan kondisi lingkungan; (2) Faktor yang mempunyai pengaruh nyata terhadap keputusan petani untuk mengalihfungsikan lahan adalah umur dan pendapatan petani. (3) Rata-rata pendapatan petani padi sebesar Rp19.079.912,00 ha/tahun, sedangkan petani kelapa sawit sebesar Rp30.478.557,00 ha/tahun. (4) Pola konsumsi rumah tangga petani padi untuk pangan sebesar Rp566.116,00/bulan (12,74 persen) dan pengeluaran non-pangan sebesar Rp3.877.606,00/bulan (87,26 persen). Sedangkan pengeluaran pangan petani kelapa sawit sebesar Rp987.043,00/bulan (18,81 persen) dan pengeluaran non-pangan sebesar Rp4.259.083,00/bulan (81,19 persen). Most of people in Muktijaya Village, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, work as rice farmers, however, many are currently converting their land into oil palm plantations. This study aimed to determine the land conversion process, factors influencing land conversion, income differences between rice and oil palm farmers, and consumption patterns. This study was conducted in September-December 2023. This study used a survey method with a sampling method using proportional stratified random sampling. The results of this study were: (1) The land conversion process was based on economic considerations, sustainability, and environmental conditions; (2) Factors significantly affecting farmers’ decisions to convert land were the age and income of farmers; (3) The average income of rice farmers was IDR19,079,912.00 ha/year, while oil palm farmers was IDR30,478,557.00 ha/year; (4) The consumption pattern of rice farmer households for food was IDR566,116.00/month (12.74 percent) and non-food expenditure was IDR3,877,606.00/month (87.26 percent). Meanwhile, food expenditure of oil palm farmers was Rp. 987,043/month (18.81 percent) and non-food expenditure was IDR4,259,083.00/month (81.19 percent).