Evaluasi Penggunaan dan Efektivitas Antibiotik Profilaksis pada Pasien Bedah Sesar di Rumah Sakit Surakarta Tahun 2010 - Mutmainah, Nurul; Setyati, Puri; Handasari, Niken (Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, 2014)
Penggunaan antibiotik profilaksis pada operasi bedah sesar dapat mengurangi risiko infeksi yangberhubungan dengan komplikasi dan infeksi pascaoperasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuigambaran dan ketepatan penggunaan serta efektivitas antibiotik profilaksis pada pasien bedah sesar padadua rumah sakit di Surakarta tahun 2010. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif dengan pengambilandata rekam medis secara retrospektif. Analisis dilakukan terhadap penggunaan antibiotik yang meliputiketepatan antibiotik dibandingkan dengan ketepatan dosis danÂ waktu pemberian berdasarkan standar WHO. Sebanyak 200 pasien yang diteliti, ditemukan 76% berusia 20â35 tahun, usia kehamilan sudah cukup bulan (90,5%), lama perawatan di rumah sakit lebih dari 5 hari (46,5%), dan indikasi terbanyakbedah sesar adalah ketuban pecah dini (29%). Antibiotik profilaksis yang digunakan adalah ampisilin(24%), ampisilin-sulbaktam (23%), seftriakson (19,5%), sefotaksim (16%), amoksisilin-klavulanat(11%), danÂ sefazolin (6,5%). Ditemukan kesesuaian pemilihan obat dengan standar WHO (30,5%),yang meliputi tepat dosis (6,5%) dan tepat waktu pemberian (52%). Penggunaan antibiotik 100% efektifuntuk mencegah luka infeksi setelah operasi.Â Â Kata kunci: Antibiotik, bedah sesar, profilaksisEvaluation of the Use and Effectiveness of Antibiotics for Prophylactic inPatients with Cesarean SectionÂ at Hospitals in Surakarta in 2010AbstractThe use of antibiotics for prophylactic in sectio cesarean can reduce the risk of infection-relatedcomplications and postoperative infections. This study aims to describe and evaluate the usageÂ and theeffectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in cesarean sectionÂ patients in two hospitals in Surakarta inyear 2010. The study used retrospective data from medical records. The analysis was then conducted onthe use of antibiotic including the appropriateness of antibiotic (compare to the standard of WHO), theappropriateness of dose and the time of administration. The data from two hundred of patientsÂ showedthat 76% of patients were between 20â35 years old and the patients with aterm pregnancy were 90.5%,46.5% of patients had the length of stay in hospital more than 5 days and 29% of cesarean deliveryindicated by amniotic premature rupture. Antibiotics that used for prophylactic were ampicillin (24%),ampicillin-sulbactam (23%), ceftriaxone (19.5%), cefotaxime (16%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (11%),and cefazolin (6.5%). It was found that 30,5% of drugs were selected based on standard,Â 6.5% of drugswere given in the appropriateÂ dose and 52% of drugs were administrated on-time. In conclusion, theantibiotics are 100% effective to prevent the incidence of surgical wound infection.Key words: Antibiotics, cesarean section, prophylactic