PENGARUH RENANG TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK ANAK DISABILITAS: NARRATIVE REVIEW - veryadi, raihan; Farha, Shafazila Nisa; Dharmawan, M. Rifki; Wijaya, Habibi Hadi; Kusumaningtyas, Avinda Rizki (LPPM UM Metro, 2025)
AbstrakArtikel ini menyajikan tinjauan mengenai pengaruh aktivitas renang terhadap perkembangan motorik anak disabilitas. Berdasarkan data dari BPS (Badan Pusat Statisik) pada tahun 2017, menyatakan bahwa jumlah anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK) di Indonesia mencapai angka 1,6 juta anak dengan beragam jenis gangguan, Aquatic Exercise merupakan salah satu perawatan yang paling populer untuk anak-anak dengan gangguan saraf motori. Intervensi ini bisa menjadi salah satu alternatif latihan karna resiko cedera yang terhitung cukup rendah serta aman dan bermanfaat bagi anak-anak penyandang disabilitas. Fokus pembahasan diarahkan pada berbagai jenis disabilitas seperti tunagrahita, autisme, cerebral palsy, serta disabilitas sensorik lainnya. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah menganalisis bagaimana aktivitas renang dan berbagai bentuk latihan akuatik mampu memberikan kontribusi terhadap peningkatan keterampilan motorik kasar maupun halus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah narrative literature review dengan menelaah 7 artikel nasional dan internasional yang relevan. Berdasarkan hasil kajian, seluruh penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas renang, terapi akuatik, maupun latihan renang adaptif secara konsisten memberikan dampak positif terhadap peningkatan kemampuan motorik anak disabilitas, baik dari aspek kekuatan, koordinasi, daya tahan, kelincahan, maupun kepercayaan diri. Hasil tinjauan ini diharapkan menjadi referensi bagi pendidik, orang tua, pelatih, serta peneliti dalam merancang program latihan renang yang aman, terstruktur, dan sesuai kebutuhan anak disabilitasAbstractThis article presents a review of the influence of swimming activities on the motor development of children with disabilities. Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in 2017, it stated that the number of children with special needs (ABK) in Indonesia reached 1.6 million children with various types of disorders. Aquatic Exercise is one of the most popular treatments for children with motor neuron disorders. This intervention can be an alternative exercise because the risk of injury is relatively low and it is safe and beneficial for children with disabilities. The discussion focuses on various types of disabilities such as mental retardation, autism, cerebral palsy, and other sensory disabilities. The purpose of this article is to analyze how swimming activities and various forms of aquatic exercise can contribute to the improvement of gross and fine motor skills. The research method used is a narrative literature review by examining 7 relevant national and international articles. Based on the results of the study, all studies show that swimming activities, aquatic therapy, and adaptive swimming training consistently have a positive impact on improving the motor skills of children with disabilities, both in terms of strength, coordination, endurance, agility, and self-confidence. The results of this review are expected to be a reference for educators, parents, coaches, and researchers in designing swimming training programs that are safe, structured, and appropriate to the needs of children with disabilities.