Analisis Potensi dan Perancangan Sistem Hybrid PV/Wind Untuk Motor Board di Perlis, Malaysia - Reza Juliangga; Muhammad Ikhwan Fahmi; Syofyan Anwar Syahputra; Muhammad Fadlan Siregar (Lembaga Riset Ilmiah, 2025)
Penelitian ini menganalisis potensi iradiasi matahari, temperatur, dan kecepatan angin sebagai sumber energi untuk sistem hybrid photovoltaic (PV)/wind powered motor board di Perlis, Malaysia. Data dikumpulkan selama periode Agustus hingga Desember 2018 di Centre of Excellence for Renewable Energy (CERE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa iradiasi matahari rata-rata harian adalah 371,97 W/m² dengan temperatur rata-rata 28,06°C, mengindikasikan potensi yang baik untuk pembangkit PV. Namun, kecepatan angin rata-rata hanya 1,05 m/s yang tergolong sangat rendah. Simulasi menggunakan PSpice untuk modul PV 12V 3W menghasilkan error dibawah 10% dibandingkan datasheet. Perancangan optimal sistem menggunakan 17 modul PV, 1 turbin angin, charge controller 6,38A, dan 17 baterai 12V 1,2Ah untuk mensuplai beban motor DC 10W yang beroperasi 24 jam. Prototype sistem berhasil dibuat dengan monitoring berbasis mikrokontroler ATmega8535. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan output tegangan PV berkisar 13,42-19,61V dengan arus 0,05-0,4A pada iradiasi 107,5-893,6 W/m². This study analyzes the potential of solar irradiation, temperature, and wind speed as energy sources for a hybrid photovoltaic (PV)/wind powered motor board system in Perlis, Malaysia. Data were collected during the period from August to December 2018 at the Centre of Excellence for Renewable Energy (CERE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis. The results show that the average daily solar irradiation was 371.97 W/m² with an average temperature of 28.06°C, indicating good potential for PV generation. However, the average wind speed was only 1.05 m/s, which is classified as very low. Simulation using PSpice for a 12V 3W PV module produced an error of less than 10% compared to the datasheet. The optimal system design utilizes 17 PV modules, 1 wind turbine, a 6.38A charge controller, and 17 12V 1.2Ah batteries to supply a 10W DC motor load operating 24 hours. A prototype system was successfully built with monitoring based on an ATmega8535 microcontroller. Test results showed that the PV output voltage ranged from 13.42-19.61V with a current of 0.05-0.4A at irradiation levels of 107.5-893.6 W/m².