PERAN LEMBAGA PENJAMIN SIMPANAN DALAM PENGAWASAN INDUSTRI PERBANKAN SESUAI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 4 TAHUN 2023 - Kurniawan, I Gede Hartadi; Judge, Zulfikar; Muliawan, Anatomi (Lex Jurnalica, 2025)
AbstrakLembaga Penjamin Simpanan merupakan suatu lembaga yang menjamin setiap simpanan nasabah yang menyimpan dana nya di institusi perbankan apabila terjadi likuidasi bank bank tersebut baik Bank Umum ataupun Bank Perekonomian Rakyat. Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan terbantuk sebagai jawaban atas pengalaman krisis moneter 1998 yang berakibat kepada terjadinya kerusuhan massa serta terjadinya pengambilan besar besaran dana pihak ketiga secara serentak ke hampir seluruh industri perbankan sehingga banyak berakibat kepada rusaknya system perbankan nasional dan penutupan beberapa perbankan . Dan muara dari penutupan beberapa perbankan berakibat terbitnya mekanisme Bantuan Likuiditas Bank Indonesia (BLBI) serta berdirinya Badan Penyehatan Perbankan Nasional (BPPN) yang tugasnya mengelola asset asset beberapa bank yang ditutup untuk kemudian dijual untuk pengembalian BLBI. Dalam perjalanan waktu BPPN, ternyata hasil dari penjualan asset bank bank yang ditutup tidak mencukupi pengembalian BLBI ke Bank Indonesia, sehingga tidak dapat menyelesaikan masalah juga. Persoalan juga semakin bertambah karena ketika masa BPPN sudah selesai, asset asset Bank yang ditutup juga masih banyak yang belum laku terjual, sehingga negara banyak mengalami kerugian akibat pemberian Bantuan Likuiditas Bank Indonesia, serta ternyata banyak ditemukan kasus kalau banyak kasus korupsi dari kisah BLBI tersebut. Keberadaan Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan menjadi solusi dari pemerintah untuk mengantisipasi apabila kasus kasus perbankan di tahun 1998 terulang kembali di masa depan Kata kunci : Perbankan, Likuidasi, Asset AbstractThe Indonesia Deposit Insurance Corporation (Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan/LPS) is an institution that guarantees every customer’s deposit placed in banking institutions in the event that these banks undergo liquidation, whether they are Commercial Banks or Rural Banks. LPS was established as a response to the 1998 monetary crisis, which triggered mass riots and a simultaneous large-scale withdrawal of third-party funds across nearly the entire banking industry. This situation severely damaged the national banking system and led to the closure of several banks. The closure of these banks subsequently resulted in the implementation of the Bank Indonesia Liquidity Assistance (BLBI) mechanism and the establishment of the Indonesian Bank Restructuring Agency (Badan Penyehatan Perbankan Nasional/BPPN), whose task was to manage the assets of the closed banks and sell them to repay BLBI. Over time, however, it became evident that the proceeds from the sale of these bank assets were insufficient to repay the BLBI funds to Bank Indonesia, thus leaving the problem unresolved. Additional issues also emerged because, even after BPPN had completed its mandate, many assets from the liquidated banks remained unsold. As a result, the state suffered substantial losses from the BLBI program, and numerous corruption cases related to BLBI were later uncovered. The existence of LPS therefore serves as the government’s solution to anticipate and mitigate the recurrence of banking crises similar to those that occurred in 1998. Keywords: Banking, Liquidation, Assets