Dampak climate crisis terhadap pola penyakit ibu hamil dan maternal mortality - Fajarina, Mira; Utama, Reka Julia; Malem, Rehmaita (Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati, 2025)
Background: Climate change directly impacts maternal health, increasing the risk of pregnancy complications, delayed antenatal care (ANC) visits, and maternal mortality. Purpose: To analyze the impact of the climate crisis on maternal disease patterns and maternal mortality. Method: An observational analytic study with a case-control design was conducted on 364 pregnant women at the Baitussalam and Blang Bintang Community Health Centers in Aceh Besar. The sample was selected purposive sampling, consisting of case groups (mothers with complications) and controls. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire (CVI by three experts, Cronbach's Alpha ≥0.7) and medical records. Analysis used Chi-square and multiple logistic regression. Results: Exposure to extreme temperatures (OR=2.27; p=0.010), air pollution (OR=1.91; p=0.036), and weather changes (OR=2.85; p=0.006) were significantly associated with pregnancy complications, while counseling played a protective role (OR=0.49; p=0.010). Cancelling antenatal care due to extreme weather increases the risk of complications (OR=3.16; p=0.001). Conclusion: Environmental factors related to the climate crisis impact maternal health, necessitating mitigation strategies such as education, increasing access to antenatal care, and strengthening health system capacity to reduce the risk of maternal complications. Keywords: Climate Crisis; Maternal Diseases; Maternal Mortality. Pendahuluan: Perubahan iklim berdampak langsung pada kesehatan maternal, meningkatkan risiko komplikasi kehamilan, keterlambatan kunjungan antenatal care (ANC), dan mortalitas ibu. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis dampak climate crisis terhadap pola penyakit ibu hamil dan maternal mortality. Metode: Studi observasional analitik dengan desain kasus-kontrol dilakukan pada 364 ibu hamil di Puskesmas Baitussalam dan Blang Bintang, Aceh Besar. Sampel dipilih secara purposive sampling, terdiri dari kelompok kasus (ibu dengan komplikasi) dan kontrol. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner tervalidasi (CVI oleh tiga ahli, Cronbach’s Alpha ≥0.7) dan rekam medis. Analisis menggunakan Chi-Square dan regresi logistik berganda. Hasil: Paparan suhu ekstrem (OR=2.27; p=0010), polusi udara (OR=1.91; p=0.036), dan perubahan cuaca (OR=2.85; p=0.006) berhubungan signifikan dengan komplikasi kehamilan, sedangkan penyuluhan berperan protektif (OR=0.49; p=0.010). Batal ANC karena cuaca ekstrem meningkatkan risiko komplikasi (OR=3.16; p=0.001). Simpulan: Faktor lingkungan terkait krisis iklim memengaruhi kesehatan ibu hamil, sehingga diperlukan strategi mitigasi seperti penyuluhan, peningkatan akses ANC, dan penguatan kapasitas sistem kesehatan untuk mengurangi risiko komplikasi maternal. Kata Kunci: Climate Crisis; Maternal Mortality; Penyakit Ibu Hamil.