The Effectiveness of Apu Wood Plants (Pistia stratiotes) in Reducing Detergents in Water - Suwardy, Moch; Sambali, Hariyani; Rumampuk, Natalie Detty C.; Pangemanan, Novie Pankie Lukas; Sumilat, Deiske A.; Singkoh, Marina Flora Oktavine (Sam Ratulangi University, 2025)
This study aims to (1) evaluate the concentration of detergents in the water of the Dayanan River, (2) analyze the ability of Pistia stratiotes to reduce detergents, and (3) evaluate the effect of phytoremediation media on the physiological response of carp (Cyprinus carpio). The study used a Complete Random Design (RAL) with a plant contact time treatment of 3 and 6 days on two types of media (river water and well water + 10 mg/L detergent), as well as three replicas. Detergent analysis was carried out using the SNI 06-6989.51-2005 spectrophotometry method. The results showed that the highest concentration of detergent in the Dayanan River was found in the middle (0.0497 mg/L). Pistia stratiotes effectively reduced detergent significantly (p = 0.025) with optimal time on the third day. The fish response showed an increase in the frequency of operculum opening on the third day (p = 0.004) and no mortality was found for 48 hours. These results prove that Pistia stratiotes is effectively used as a natural biofilter to reduce the detergent content in waters. Keywords: detergent, Pistia stratiotes, phytoremediation, common carp (Cyprinus carpio), Dayanan River Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengevaluasi konsentrasi detergen dalam air Sungai Dayanan, (2) menganalisis kemampuan Pistia stratiotes dalam mereduksi detergen, dan (3) mengevaluasi efek media hasil fitoremediasi terhadap respon fisiologis ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio). Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan waktu kontak tanaman 3 dan 6 hari pada dua jenis media (air sungai dan air sumur + detergen 10 mg/L), serta tiga ulangan. Analisis detergen dilakukan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri SNI 06-6989.51-2005. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi detergen tertinggi di Sungai Dayanan terdapat pada bagian tengah (0,0497 mg/L). Pistia stratiotes efektif mereduksi detergen secara signifikan (p = 0,025) dengan waktu optimal pada hari ketiga. Respon ikan menunjukkan peningkatan frekuensi bukaan operkulum pada hari ketiga (p = 0,004) dan tidak ditemukan mortalitas selama 48 jam. Hasil ini membuktikan bahwa Pistia stratiotes efektif digunakan sebagai biofilter alami untuk menurunkan kandungan detergen di perairan. Kata kunci: detergen, Pistia stratiotes, fitoremediasi, ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio), Sungai Dayanan