Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Tigaron (Crateva religiosa G.Forst) terhadap Bakteri Shigella dysentriae dan Salmonella typhi - Laili, Nur; Norazizah, Ufairah; Fitriyanti; Sari, Putri Kartika (Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya, 2025)
Tigaron (Crateva religiosa G.Forst) merupakan tumbuhan yang banyak tersebar di pulau Kalimantan. Secara tradisional tumbuhan ini dimanfaatkan masyarakat untuk membantu mengobati diare yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung serta mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etil asetat daun tigaron (C. religiosa G.Forst) terhadap bakteri Shigella dysenteriae dan Salmonella typhi. Metode yang digunakan ialah difusi sumuran dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak 0,31 mg/mL; 1,55 mg/mL; 7,75mg/mL; 38,75 mg/mL dan 193,75 mg/mL. Ciprofloxacin 5 μg/disk digunakan sebagai kontrol positif dan Na-CMC 0,5% sebagai kontrol negatif. Hasil penelitian pada konsentrasi tertinggi 193,75 mg/mL terhadap bakteri Shigella dysenteriae menunjukkan rata-rata diameter zona hambat sebesar 17,98 mm dan pada bakteri Salmonella typhi sebesar 14,38 mm. Seluruh data diuji dengan Mann Whitney, didapatkan semua konsentrasi ekstrak etil asetat berbeda signifikan terhadap kontrol positif (p<0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etil asetat daun tigaron (Crateva religiosa G.Forst) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Shigella dysenteriae dan Salmonella typhi namun nilainya berbeda signifikan dengan kontrol positif. Tigaron (Crateva religiosa G. Forst) is a plant widely distributed across the island of Kalimantan. Traditionally, this plant has been utilized by local communities to help treat diarrhea, which can be caused by bacterial infections. This study aims to identify the classes of secondary metabolite compounds contained in the plant and to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the ethyl acetate extract of tigaron (Crateva religiosa G. Forst) leaves against Shigella dysenteriae and Salmonella typhi. The method used was the well diffusion assay with extract concentrations of 0.31 mg/mL, 1.55 mg/mL, 7.75 mg/mL, 38.75 mg/mL, and 193.75 mg/mL. Ciprofloxacin 5 μg/disk was used as the positive control and 0.5% Na-CMC as the negative control. The results showed that at the highest concentration of 193.75 mg/mL, the ethyl acetate extract produced an average inhibition zone diameter of 17.98 mm against Shigella dysenteriae and 14.38 mm against Salmonella typhi. All data were tested using Mann-Whitney, and all concentrations of ethyl acetate extract were significantly different from the positive control (p≥0.05). This indicates that the ethyl acetate extract of tigaron leaves (Crateva religiosa G.Forst) has antibacterial activity against Shigella dysenteriae and Salmonella typhi, but the value is significantly different from the positive control.