Pengaruh Usia, Perawatan Dan Penggunaan Gedung Terhadap Tingkat Kerusakan Bangunan Dan Biaya Rehabilitasi - Rannu, Musa; Soekiman, Anton; Siregar, Chandra Afriade (Lembaga Riset Ilmiah, 2025)
ermasalahan kerusakan bangunan sekolah memberikan dampak luas, tidak hanya pada aspek fisik dan kenyamanan proses belajar mengajar, tetapi juga pada kebutuhan biaya rehabilitasi yang cukup besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh usia bangunan, perawatan gedung, dan penggunaan ruang kelas terhadap tingkat kerusakan bangunan, serta mengidentifikasi hubungan antara tingkat kerusakan dan biaya rehabilitasi pada 12 SMK Negeri dan Swasta di Kota Cirebon. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis verifikatif berbantuan SPSS dan melibatkan 60 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usia bangunan dan perawatan gedung berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap tingkat kerusakan ruang kelas, sedangkan penggunaan ruang kelas tidak memberikan pengaruh signifikan. Perawatan gedung menjadi variabel yang memiliki kontribusi pengaruh terbesar (35,7%), diikuti usia bangunan (34%), dan penggunaan ruang kelas (27,1%). Secara simultan, ketiga variabel tersebut terbukti berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat kerusakan. Rata-rata tingkat kerusakan ruang kelas sebesar 36,55%, dengan rentang kerusakan 13,30% hingga 50,21%, dan rata-rata kebutuhan biaya rehabilitasi mencapai Rp107.385.050,22. Analisis korelasi menunjukkan hubungan sangat kuat antara tingkat kerusakan bangunan dan biaya rehabilitasi (r = 0,981), yang mengindikasikan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat kerusakan, semakin besar biaya rehabilitasi yang diperlukan. The problem of school building damage has a broad impact, not only on the physical aspects and comfort of the teaching and learning process, but also on the need for significant rehabilitation costs. This study aims to analyze the influence of building age, building maintenance, and classroom use on the level of building damage, as well as identify the relationship between the level of damage and rehabilitation costs in 12 public and private vocational schools in Cirebon City. The research method uses a quantitative approach with verification analysis assisted by SPSS and involving 60 respondents. The results show that building age and building maintenance have a positive and significant effect on the level of classroom damage, while classroom use does not have a significant effect. Building maintenance is the variable with the largest contribution (35.7%), followed by building age (34%), and classroom use (27.1%). Simultaneously, these three variables are proven to have a significant effect on the level of damage. The average level of classroom damage is 36.55%, with a range of damage from 13.30% to 50.21%, and the average rehabilitation cost reaches Rp107,385,050.22. Correlation analysis shows a very strong relationship between the level of building damage and rehabilitation costs (r = 0.981), which indicates that the higher the level of damage, the greater the rehabilitation costs required.