Determinants of Academic Achievement of SPAN Students at Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram - Masnun; Adi Fadli; Endrawati (UIN Mataram, 2025)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengaruh jurusan asal sekolah, prestasi akademik, pilihan jurusan pada jalur SPAN, dan program studi di perguruan tinggi terhadap IPK mahasiswa yang masuk UIN Mataram melalui jalur SPAN. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian survei. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner dan dokumentasi data akademik mahasiswa jalur SPAN di UIN Mataram, meliputi data jurusan asal sekolah menengah, prestasi akademik, pilihan jurusan pada jalur SPAN, program studi di perguruan tinggi, serta IPK mahasiswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei dan studi dokumentasi terhadap data akademik resmi institusi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik inferensial, khususnya uji Analisis Varians (ANOVA), untuk mengetahui perbedaan IPK berdasarkan variabel kategoris yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jurusan asal sekolah, prestasi akademik di sekolah, dan pilihan jurusan pada jalur SPAN tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap IPK mahasiswa. Sebaliknya, program studi di perguruan tinggi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap IPK mahasiswa, yang menunjukkan adanya perbedaan pencapaian akademik antar program studi. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa IPK mahasiswa lebih dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik akademik dan struktur pembelajaran program studi dibandingkan faktor latar belakang sebelum masuk perguruan tinggi. Implikasi penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya manajemen mutu akademik di tingkat program studi serta kehati-hatian dalam menggunakan IPK sebagai satu-satunya indikator keberhasilan akademik lintas program studi. Selain itu, hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan dasar untuk mengembangkan kebijakan evaluasi akademik yang lebih kontekstual dan adil di perguruan tinggi. Kata Kunci: Jurusan di Sekolah Menengah, Prestasi Akademik, Pilihan Jurusan pada Jalur SPAN, Program Studi di Perguruan Tinggi, Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif. Abstract: This study aims to explain the influence of majors in the school of origin, academic achievement, major choices in the SPAN pathway, and study programs in higher education on the GPA of students entering UIN Mataram through the SPAN pathway. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey type of research. The research instruments are questionnaires and documentation of academic data of SPAN pathway students at UIN Mataram, including data on their high school majors, academic achievement, major choices in the SPAN pathway, study programs at university, and student GPAs. Data collection techniques were carried out through surveys and documentation studies of official institutional academic data. The data analysis technique used was inferential statistical analysis, specifically the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test, to determine the difference in GPA based on the categorical variables studied. The results showed that the original school major, academic achievement in school, and major choice in the SPAN pathway did not have a significant effect on student GPA. Conversely, the study program at the university had a significant effect on student GPAs, indicating differences in academic achievement between study programs. These findings show that student GPAs are more influenced by the academic characteristics and learning structure of the study program than by factors related to their background prior to entering university. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of academic quality management at the study program level and caution in using GPA as a single indicator of academic success across study programs. In addition, the results of this study can be used as a basis for developing more contextual and equitable academic evaluation policies in higher education. Keywords: Major in High School, Academic Achievement, Major Choice in SPAN, Study Program in Higher Education, and Grade Point Average