PERAN MEDIASI KAPASITAS ADAPTIF DALAM DAMPAK RISIKO LINGKUNGAN DAN INSTITUSIONAL TERHADAP KETAHANAN MATA PENCAHARIAN PETANI: The Mediating Role of Adaptive Capacity in The Impact of Environmental and Institutional Risks on Livelihood Resilience of Farmers - Astaman, Putra; Hikmah, Aulia Nurul; Dassir, Muhammad; Rosyita, Dita; Maharani, Intan Mega (Study Program of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, 2025)
Petani menghadapi risiko lingkungan, ekonomi, dan institusional yang mengancam penghidupan dan meningkatkan kerentanan terhadap kemiskinan serta kerawanan pangan. Penelitian ini mengkaji risiko-risiko tersebut dan mengevaluasi kapasitas adaptif petani dalam mengelolanya. Studi menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan survei dan wawancara terhadap 372 responden petani di Kabupaten Luwu, Sulawesi Selatan, yang dipilih melalui stratified random sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa risiko lingkungan (β = –0.632) dan institusional (β = –0.366) secara signifikan mengurangi kapasitas adaptif, sementara risiko ekonomi tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Kapasitas adaptif secara signifikan meningkatkan ketahanan penghidupan (β = 0.921) dan memediasi pengaruh risiko lingkungan dan institusional. Model ini menjelaskan 74,0% varians kapasitas adaptif dan 83,4% varians ketahanan penghidupan. Temuan menyoroti peran kritis kapasitas adaptif dan menekankan pentingnya mengurangi risiko lingkungan serta institusional sambil memperkuat kapasitas adaptif untuk mendukung penghidupan pertanian berkelanjutan. Rekomendasi mencakup pertanian cerdas iklim, pengelolaan lahan berkelanjutan, dan kebijakan yang mendukung. Kata kunci: Keberlanjutan Pertanian, Pertanian Cerdas Iklim, Risiko Ekonomi, Risiko Kelembagaan, Risiko Lingkungan. Farmers face environmental, economic, and institutional risks that threaten their livelihoods and increase vulnerability to poverty and food insecurity. This study examines these risks and evaluates farmers' adaptive capacity in managing them. The study used quantitative methods with surveys and interviews with 372 farmer respondents in Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi, selected through stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results show that environmental (β = –0.632) and institutional (β = –0.366) risks significantly reduce adaptive capacity, while economic risks have no significant effect. Adaptive capacity significantly increases livelihood resilience (β = 0.921) and mediates the effects of environmental and institutional risks. The model explains 74.0% of the variance in adaptive capacity and 83.4% of the variance in livelihood resilience. The findings highlight the critical role of adaptive capacity and emphasize the importance of reducing environmental and institutional risks while strengthening adaptive capacity to support sustainable agricultural livelihoods. Recommendations include climate-smart agriculture, sustainable land management, and supportive policies. Keywords: Environmental risk; Economic risk; Institutional risk; Sustainable agriculture; Climate-smart agriculture.